Chapter 6
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contractility | the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force.
🗑
|
||||
| Excitability | the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus.
🗑
|
||||
| Extensibility | the ability to be stretched.
🗑
|
||||
| Elasticity | ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched.
🗑
|
||||
| Epimysium | a connective tissue sheath that surrounds a skeletal muscle.
🗑
|
||||
| Fascia | another connective tissue that is located outside the epimysium.
🗑
|
||||
| Fasciculi (Fascicle) | muscle composed of numerous visible bundles.
🗑
|
||||
| Perimysium | loose connective tissue that surrounds fasciculi.
🗑
|
||||
| Fibers | single muscle cells.
🗑
|
||||
| Endomysium | connective tissue sheath.
🗑
|
||||
| Myofibrils | a threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other.
🗑
|
||||
| Actin Myofilaments | thin myofilaments. They resemble 2 minute strands of pearls twisted together.
🗑
|
||||
| Myosin Myofilaments | thick myofilaments. They resemble bundles of minute golf clubs.
🗑
|
||||
| Sarcomeres | the basic structural and functional unity of the muscle.
🗑
|
||||
| Resting Membrane Potential | the charge difference across the membrane.
🗑
|
||||
| Action Potential | the brief reversal back of the charge.
🗑
|
||||
| Motor Neurons | are nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers.
🗑
|
||||
| Synapse | near the center of the cell.
🗑
|
||||
| Motor Unit | a single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers that it innervates.
🗑
|
||||
| Presynaptic Terminal | the enlarged nerve terminal.
🗑
|
||||
| Synaptic Cleft | the space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell.
🗑
|
||||
| Synaptic Vesicles | secretes the neurotransmitter.
🗑
|
||||
| Acetylcholine | diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to the postsynaptic terminal causing a change in the postsynaptic cell.
🗑
|
||||
| Acetylcholinesterase | yields only one action potential in the skeletal muscle and only one contraction of the muscle cell (breaks it down).
🗑
|
||||
| Sliding Filament Mechanism | the sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction.
🗑
|
||||
| Muscle Twitch | is a contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers.
🗑
|
||||
| Threshold | a muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until the stimulus reaches this level
🗑
|
||||
| All-or-None Response | the muscle fiber will contract maximally.
🗑
|
||||
| Lag Phase | the time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction.
🗑
|
||||
| Contraction Phase | the time of contraction.
🗑
|
||||
| Relaxation Phase | the time during which the muscle relaxes.
🗑
|
||||
| Tetany | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing.
🗑
|
||||
| Recruitment | the increase in number of motor units being activated.
🗑
|
||||
| Creatine Phosphate | when at rest they can't stockpile ATP but they can store another high-energy molecule.
🗑
|
||||
| Anaerobic Respiration | without oxygen.
🗑
|
||||
| Aerobic Respiration | with oxygen (more efficient).
🗑
|
||||
| Oxygen Debt | the amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose and to replenish the depleted stores of creatine phosphate stores in muscle cells.
🗑
|
||||
| Muscle Fatigue | results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster
🗑
|
||||
| Isometric | (equal distance) the length of the muscle does not change, but the amount of tension increases during the contraction process.
🗑
|
||||
| Isotonic | (equal tension) the amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction, but the length of the muscle changes.
🗑
|
||||
| Muscle Tone | muscle tone refers to constant tension produced bu muscles of the body for long periods of time. Keeps head up and back straight.
🗑
|
||||
| Fast Twitch Fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly. Well adapted to perform anaerobic metabolism. Ex. white meat of a chicken's breast.
🗑
|
||||
| Slow Twitch Fibers | contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue. They are better suited for aerobic metabolism. Ex. dark meat of a duck's breast or the legs of a chicken.
🗑
|
||||
| Origin | (head) is most stationary end of the muscle.
🗑
|
||||
| Insertion | is the end undergoing the greatest movement.
🗑
|
||||
| Belly | the portion of muscle between the origin and the insertion
🗑
|
||||
| Synergists | muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements
🗑
|
||||
| Antagonists | muscles that work in opposition to one another
🗑
|
||||
| Prime Mover | a group of synergists, if one muscle plays the major role in accomplishing the desired movement
🗑
|
||||
| Nomenclature | (names that are descriptive) location, size, orientation of fibers, shape, origin, insertion, and function
🗑
|
||||
| Occipitofrontalis | raises the eyebrows
🗑
|
||||
| Orbicularis Oculi | closes the eyelids and causes "crows feet" wrinkles in the skin at the lateral corners of the eye.
🗑
|
||||
| Orbicularis Oris | puckers the lips
🗑
|
||||
| Buccinator | flattens the cheeks. Trumpeter's muscle
🗑
|
||||
| Orbicularis Oris & Buccinator | kissing muscles
🗑
|
||||
| Zygomaticus | smiling muscle
🗑
|
||||
| Levator Labii Superioris | sneering
🗑
|
||||
| Depressor Anguli Oris | frowning
🗑
|
||||
| Mastication | chewing
🗑
|
||||
| Temporalis & Masseter | 2 pairs of mastication
🗑
|
||||
| Intrinsic Tongue Muscle | change the shape of the tongue
🗑
|
||||
| Extrinsic Tongue Muscle | move the tongue
🗑
|
||||
| Sternocleidomastoid | lateral neck muscle and prime mover
🗑
|
||||
| Erector Spinae | group of muscles on each side of the back. Responsible for keeping the back straight and the body erect
🗑
|
||||
| External Intercostals | elevate the ribs during inspiration
🗑
|
||||
| Internal Intercostals | contract during forced expiration
🗑
|
||||
| Diaphragm | accomplishes quiet breathing. Dome-shaped muscle. Aids in breathing
🗑
|
||||
| Linea Alba | consists of white connective tissue rather than muscle (tendinous area of the abdominal wall)
🗑
|
||||
| Rectus Abdominis | on each side of the linea alba
🗑
|
||||
| Tendinous Inscriptions | cross the rectus abdominis at three or more locations, causing the abdominal wall of a well-muscled person to appear segmented.
🗑
|
||||
| Trapezius | rotates scapula
🗑
|
||||
| Serratus Anterior | pulls scapula anteriorly
🗑
|
||||
| Pectoralis Major | adducts and flexes the arm
🗑
|
||||
| Latissimus Dorsi | medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm. "Swimmer muscle."
🗑
|
||||
| Pectoralis Major & Latissimus Dorsi | attaches the arm to the thorax
🗑
|
||||
| Deltoid | attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle, and is the major abductor of the upper limb.
🗑
|
||||
| Triceps Brachii | (3 heads / antagonists) extends the forearm. Occupies the posterior compartment of the arm
🗑
|
||||
| Biceps Brachii | (2 heads / antagonists) flexes the forearm. Occupies the anterior compartment of the arm.
🗑
|
||||
| Brachialis | flexes the forearm
🗑
|
||||
| Brachioradialis | flexes and supinates the forearm
🗑
|
||||
| Retinaculum | strong band of fibrous connective tissue that covers the flexor and extensor tendons and holds them in place around the wrist so that they do not "bowstring" during muscle contraction
🗑
|
||||
| Flexor Carpi | flexes the wrist
🗑
|
||||
| Extensor Carpi | extends the wrist
🗑
|
||||
| Flexor Digitorium | flexes the fingers
🗑
|
||||
| Extensor Digitorium | extends the fingers
🗑
|
||||
| Intrinsic Hand Muscles | 19 hand muscles located within the hand
🗑
|
||||
| Interossi | located between the metacarpals, are responsible for abduction and adduction of the fingers
🗑
|
||||
| Gluteus Maximus | buttocks. Contributes most of the mass of the buttocks.
🗑
|
||||
| Gluteus Medius | hip muscle and common injection site
🗑
|
||||
| Quadriceps | extends the leg; anterior thigh muscles
🗑
|
||||
| Sartorius | "tailors muscle" flexes the thigh
🗑
|
||||
| Hamstring | posterior thigh muscles; flexes the leg and extends the thigh (wolves kill this way)
🗑
|
||||
| Gastrocnemius (left) & Soleus (right) (back view) | form the calf muscles. They join to form the calcaneal tendon
🗑
|
||||
| Calcaneal Tendon (Achilles Tendon) | flex the foot and toes
🗑
|
||||
| Peroneus | the lateral muscles of the leg "planters flexion (turning the lateral side of the foot outward)
🗑
|
||||
| Intrinsic Foot | 20 muscles located within the foot. Muscles flex, extend, abduct, and adduct the toes
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
Iyanna Patrick
Popular Anatomy sets