A&P 2 quiz 2
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| What are the principal organs of the respiratory system? | nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
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| Where does air flow along a dead end pathway? | lungs
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| What is the dead end pathway that the air flows along in the lungs? | bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
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| What are the passages in the respiratory system that serve only for air flow called? | conducting division
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| What is the purpose of the passage from the nostrils through the major bronchioles? | air flow
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| What consists of alveoli and and other gas exchange regions of the distal airway? | respiratory division
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| What part of the conducting division not lined with ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium? | oropharynx, laryngopharynx, bronchioles
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| What is the respiratory division (alveoli) lined with? | simple squamous epihtelium
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| Which organ is the respiratory system is made up of nine cartilages? | larynx
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| Which is the largest cartilage of the larynx? | thyroid
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| What is the anterior peak of the thyroid cartilage called? | laryngeal prominence
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| Which respiratory system organ has a wall with two folds on each side? | larynx
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| What is the name for the false vocal cords? | superior vestibular folds
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| Which part of the larynx plays no role in speech? | superior vestibular folds
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| What produces sound in the larynx when air passes through them? | inferior vocal cords
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| What is the amount of air inhaled and exhaled in one cycle of quiet breathing, normally 500mL? | tidal volume
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| Beyond the amount normally inhaled, it is typically possible to inhale another 3,000 mL with maximum effort. What is this called? | inspiratory reserve volume
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| With maximum effort, one can normally exhale another 1,200 mL beyond the normal amount. What is the called? | expiratory reserve volume
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| What is TV+IRV+ERV? | vital capacity
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| What is vital capacity? | the maximum ability to ventilate the lungs in one breath
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| What supplies one functional unit of the kidney called a nephron? | afferent arterioles
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| What is one functional unit of the kidney called? | nephron
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| What leads to a ball of capillaries called a glomerulus? | afferent arterioles
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| What is a ball of capillaries called? | glomerulus
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| What is enclosed in a sphere called the glomerular capsule? | glomerulus
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| What is the outer parietal layer of the glomerular capsule called? | simple squamous epithelium
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| What is the inner visceral layer of the glomerular capsule called? | podocytes
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| What is between the parietal and visceral layers of the glomerular capsule? | filtrate-collecting capsular space
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| Where does the efferent arteriole leave before giving rise to the peritubular capillaries? | glomerular capsule
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| What do the efferent arterioles give rise to besides the peritubular capillaries? | vasa recta
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| The renal corpusle and renal tubule are two principal parts of what? | nephron
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| What does the renal corpusle consist of? | glomerulus, glomerular capsule
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| What does the renal tubule consist of? | proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct
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| For the order of the principal organs of the respiratory system, what is number one? | nose
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| For the order of the principal organs of the respiratory system, what is number two? | pharynx
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| For the order of the principal organs of the respiratory system, what is number three? | larynx
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| For the order of the principal organs of the respiratory system, what is number four? | trachea
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| For the order of the principal organs of the respiratory system, what is number five? | bronchi
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| For the order of the principal organs of the respiratory system, what is number six? | lungs
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| What is the longest and most coiled part of the nephron? | proximal convoluted tubule
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| What kind of epithelium does the proximal convoluted tubule have? | simple cuboidal
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| What is prominent in the proximal convoluted tubule? | microvilli
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| What is responsible for the great deal of absorption that occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule? | prominent microvilli
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| What does the collecting duct recieve fluid from as it passes back into the medulla? | distal convoluted tubules of several nephrons
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| The flow of fluid from the point where the glomerular filtrate is formed to the point where urine leaves the body; FIRST is? | glomerular capsule
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| The flow of fluid from the point where the glomerular filtrate is formed to the point where urine leaves the body; SECOND is? | proximal convoluted tubule
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| The flow of fluid from the point where the glomerular filtrate is formed to the point where urine leaves the body; THIRD is? | nephron loop
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| The flow of fluid from the point where the glomerular filtrate is formed to the point where urine leaves the body; FOURTH is? | distal convoluted tubule
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| The flow of fluid from the point where the glomerular filtrate is formed to the point where urine leaves the body; FIFTH is? | collecting duct
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| The flow of fluid from the point where the glomerular filtrate is formed to the point where urine leaves the body; SIXTH is? | papillary duct
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| The flow of fluid from the point where the glomerular filtrate is formed to the point where urine leaves the body; SEVENTH is? | minor calyx
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| The flow of fluid from the point where the glomerular filtrate is formed to the point where urine leaves the body; EIGTH is? | major calyx
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| The flow of fluid from the point where the glomerular filtrate is formed to the point where urine leaves the body; NINTH is? | renal pelvis
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| The flow of fluid from the point where the glomerular filtrate is formed to the point where urine leaves the body; TENTH is? | ureter
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| The flow of fluid from the point where the glomerular filtrate is formed to the point where urine leaves the body; ELEVENTH is? | urinary bladder
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| The flow of fluid from the point where the glomerular filtrate is formed to the point where urine leaves the body; TWELFTH is? | urethra
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| Each kidney is protected by three layers of what? | connective tissue
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| What is the most superficial layer of the connective tissue in the kidneys? | renal fascia
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| What is the middle layer of the connective tissue in the kidneys? | perirenal fat capsule
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| What is the deepest layer of the connective tissue in the kidneys? | fibrous renal capsule
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| What is the glandular tissue that forms the urine and appears C-shaped in frontal section? | renal parenchyma
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| What zones is the parenchyma divided into? | renal cortex, inner renal medulla
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| What are extensions of the renal cortex that project towards the sinus called? | renal columns
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| Renal columns divide the medulla into 6-10 what? | renal pyramids
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| What shape is each renal pyramid with a broad face facing the cortex? | conical
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| What is the blunt point of every renal pyramid called? | renal papilla
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| What constitues one lobe of the kidney? One pyramid and? | overlying cortex
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| What does the presence of glucose, free hemoglobin, albumin, ketones, bile pigments, erythrocytes, and leukocytes in the urine indicate? | abnormalities
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| A positive bilirubin Labstix would most likely indicate damage to what organ? | liver
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| Since ketones are acids, their presence will what to the pH of the urine? | lower
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| What does the lower the PH of the urine make it more? | acidic
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| The presence of glucose in the urine is called? | glycosuria
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| The presence of blood in the urine is called? | hematuria
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| The presence of protein in the urine is called? | proteinuria
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