Ch. 12 - The Female Reproductive System/ Terms (final)
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| gynecology | the study of diseases of the female reproductive system
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| gynecologist | physician who specialized in disease of the female reproductive system
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| obstetrics | the study of conditions related to pregnancy
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| obstetrician | physician who takes care of woman before, during & immediately after pregnancy
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| neonate (new born) | a baby during the first 4 weeks of life
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| neonatology | physician who specialized in the disease of the neonate
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| endometriosis | presence of endometrial tissue in areas outside the uterus
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| fibroids | benign tumors in the uterus formed of muscle and fibrous tissures
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| vaginitis | inflammation of the vagina
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| endocervicitis | inflammation of the lining of the cervix
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| Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) | inflammation of the uterus, tubes, ovaries and other pelvic organs, usually caused by untreated STD.
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| dyspareuria | pain during sexual intercourse
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| vaginismus | painful spasm of the vagina and surrounding muscles
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| infertility | inability to produce offspring (babies)
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| pyosalpinx | accumulation of pus in the fallopian tube
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| mernarche | 1st menstrual period; the beginning of menstrual function
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| menopause | permanent stopping of menstruation; the end of menstrual function
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| amenorrhea | absence of menstruation (missed period)
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| dysmenorrhea | painful menstruation (cramping)
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| oligomenorrhea | scanty/ few menstrual flow (light period)
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| menorrhagia | excessive menstrual bleeding (heavy period)
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| metrorrhagia | uterine bleeding (not related to period)
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| menometrorrhagia | irregular and excessive bleeding during and between menstrual period
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| gonorrhea | caused by bacteria; characterized by a greenish yellow discharge
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| chlamydia | caused by bacteria; if not treated, it spreads to pelvic organs and becomes PID Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
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| syphilis | chronic disease caused by bacteria; if not treated it spreads to other organs and can be fatal.
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| trichomoniasis | caused by a protozoan that leads to frothy discharge w/ a bad odor
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| genital herpes | caused by Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 that appear as blisters on the genital organs
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| genital warts | caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) that increase risk of cancer
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| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) | caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
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| gravida | pregnant woman
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| para | woman who gave birth to at least one live baby
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| primigravida | woman pregnant for the first time
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| multigravida | woman pregnant more than once
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| multipara | woman gave birth to many babies
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| dystocia | difficult labor
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| parturition | process of giving birth
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| ectopic pregnancy | pregnancy outside the uterus
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| eclampsia | toxemia (toxic in blood) during pregnancy
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| placenta previa | an abnormal position of the placenta where it is attached near the cervix
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| pelvimetry | measurement of the pelvic dimensions to determine the posisibility fo vaginal delivery
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| puerperium | period of 42 days after giving birth
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| amniocentesis | puncture of the amniotic sac to obtain a sample of the amniotic fluid to test for genetic diseases
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| colposcopy | visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope
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| laparoscopy | visual examination of the abdominal cavity using laparscope
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| endometrial biopsy | tissue sample from endometrium
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| Papanicolaou Smear (Pap smear) | taking a sample of celss from the cervix for cytological study; used for early diagnosis of cervix cancer
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| mammography | x ray of the breast
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| hysterosalpingography (HSG) | x ray of the uterus and uterine (fallopian) tubes
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| ultrasonography | imaging using high frequency sound
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| hysterectomy | surgical removal of the uterus
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| salpingo-oophorectomy | surgical removal of a fallopian tube and an ovary
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| Total Hysterectomy w/ bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy | removal of the uterus, tubes and ovaries
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| myomectomy | surgical removal of fibroid tumor from the uterus
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| Ceasrean Section (C - Section) | a surgical procedure to deliver babies through an abdominal incision
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| episiotomy | making an incision in the vulva and perineum during childbirth to enlarge the vaginal opening
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| episiorrhaphy | surgical suture of the vulva and perineum
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| dilation & curettage (D & C) | widening of the cervical canal and scraping the endometrium w/ a curette
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| mastectomy | surgical removal of the whole breast
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| lumpectomy | surgical removal of a tumor from the breast
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| mammoplasty, mastoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the breast
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| tubal ligation | procedure to ligate (tie) the uterine tube as a method of contraception
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| Intra Uterine Device (IUD) | a device inserted inside the uterus to prevent implantation (contraception)
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| Artificial Insemination (AI) | injecting sperm into the vagina or uterus
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| In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) | fertilization outside the female body then the fertilized egg is planted into the uterus
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