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Medical Terminology
Ch. 12 - The Female Reproductive System/ Terms (final)
Term | Definition |
---|---|
gynecology | the study of diseases of the female reproductive system |
gynecologist | physician who specialized in disease of the female reproductive system |
obstetrics | the study of conditions related to pregnancy |
obstetrician | physician who takes care of woman before, during & immediately after pregnancy |
neonate (new born) | a baby during the first 4 weeks of life |
neonatology | physician who specialized in the disease of the neonate |
endometriosis | presence of endometrial tissue in areas outside the uterus |
fibroids | benign tumors in the uterus formed of muscle and fibrous tissures |
vaginitis | inflammation of the vagina |
endocervicitis | inflammation of the lining of the cervix |
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) | inflammation of the uterus, tubes, ovaries and other pelvic organs, usually caused by untreated STD. |
dyspareuria | pain during sexual intercourse |
vaginismus | painful spasm of the vagina and surrounding muscles |
infertility | inability to produce offspring (babies) |
pyosalpinx | accumulation of pus in the fallopian tube |
mernarche | 1st menstrual period; the beginning of menstrual function |
menopause | permanent stopping of menstruation; the end of menstrual function |
amenorrhea | absence of menstruation (missed period) |
dysmenorrhea | painful menstruation (cramping) |
oligomenorrhea | scanty/ few menstrual flow (light period) |
menorrhagia | excessive menstrual bleeding (heavy period) |
metrorrhagia | uterine bleeding (not related to period) |
menometrorrhagia | irregular and excessive bleeding during and between menstrual period |
gonorrhea | caused by bacteria; characterized by a greenish yellow discharge |
chlamydia | caused by bacteria; if not treated, it spreads to pelvic organs and becomes PID Pelvic Inflammatory Disease |
syphilis | chronic disease caused by bacteria; if not treated it spreads to other organs and can be fatal. |
trichomoniasis | caused by a protozoan that leads to frothy discharge w/ a bad odor |
genital herpes | caused by Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 that appear as blisters on the genital organs |
genital warts | caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) that increase risk of cancer |
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) | caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) |
gravida | pregnant woman |
para | woman who gave birth to at least one live baby |
primigravida | woman pregnant for the first time |
multigravida | woman pregnant more than once |
multipara | woman gave birth to many babies |
dystocia | difficult labor |
parturition | process of giving birth |
ectopic pregnancy | pregnancy outside the uterus |
eclampsia | toxemia (toxic in blood) during pregnancy |
placenta previa | an abnormal position of the placenta where it is attached near the cervix |
pelvimetry | measurement of the pelvic dimensions to determine the posisibility fo vaginal delivery |
puerperium | period of 42 days after giving birth |
amniocentesis | puncture of the amniotic sac to obtain a sample of the amniotic fluid to test for genetic diseases |
colposcopy | visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope |
laparoscopy | visual examination of the abdominal cavity using laparscope |
endometrial biopsy | tissue sample from endometrium |
Papanicolaou Smear (Pap smear) | taking a sample of celss from the cervix for cytological study; used for early diagnosis of cervix cancer |
mammography | x ray of the breast |
hysterosalpingography (HSG) | x ray of the uterus and uterine (fallopian) tubes |
ultrasonography | imaging using high frequency sound |
hysterectomy | surgical removal of the uterus |
salpingo-oophorectomy | surgical removal of a fallopian tube and an ovary |
Total Hysterectomy w/ bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy | removal of the uterus, tubes and ovaries |
myomectomy | surgical removal of fibroid tumor from the uterus |
Ceasrean Section (C - Section) | a surgical procedure to deliver babies through an abdominal incision |
episiotomy | making an incision in the vulva and perineum during childbirth to enlarge the vaginal opening |
episiorrhaphy | surgical suture of the vulva and perineum |
dilation & curettage (D & C) | widening of the cervical canal and scraping the endometrium w/ a curette |
mastectomy | surgical removal of the whole breast |
lumpectomy | surgical removal of a tumor from the breast |
mammoplasty, mastoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the breast |
tubal ligation | procedure to ligate (tie) the uterine tube as a method of contraception |
Intra Uterine Device (IUD) | a device inserted inside the uterus to prevent implantation (contraception) |
Artificial Insemination (AI) | injecting sperm into the vagina or uterus |
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) | fertilization outside the female body then the fertilized egg is planted into the uterus |