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Medical Terminology
Ch. 12 - The Female Reproductive System/ Terms (final)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| gynecology | the study of diseases of the female reproductive system |
| gynecologist | physician who specialized in disease of the female reproductive system |
| obstetrics | the study of conditions related to pregnancy |
| obstetrician | physician who takes care of woman before, during & immediately after pregnancy |
| neonate (new born) | a baby during the first 4 weeks of life |
| neonatology | physician who specialized in the disease of the neonate |
| endometriosis | presence of endometrial tissue in areas outside the uterus |
| fibroids | benign tumors in the uterus formed of muscle and fibrous tissures |
| vaginitis | inflammation of the vagina |
| endocervicitis | inflammation of the lining of the cervix |
| Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) | inflammation of the uterus, tubes, ovaries and other pelvic organs, usually caused by untreated STD. |
| dyspareuria | pain during sexual intercourse |
| vaginismus | painful spasm of the vagina and surrounding muscles |
| infertility | inability to produce offspring (babies) |
| pyosalpinx | accumulation of pus in the fallopian tube |
| mernarche | 1st menstrual period; the beginning of menstrual function |
| menopause | permanent stopping of menstruation; the end of menstrual function |
| amenorrhea | absence of menstruation (missed period) |
| dysmenorrhea | painful menstruation (cramping) |
| oligomenorrhea | scanty/ few menstrual flow (light period) |
| menorrhagia | excessive menstrual bleeding (heavy period) |
| metrorrhagia | uterine bleeding (not related to period) |
| menometrorrhagia | irregular and excessive bleeding during and between menstrual period |
| gonorrhea | caused by bacteria; characterized by a greenish yellow discharge |
| chlamydia | caused by bacteria; if not treated, it spreads to pelvic organs and becomes PID Pelvic Inflammatory Disease |
| syphilis | chronic disease caused by bacteria; if not treated it spreads to other organs and can be fatal. |
| trichomoniasis | caused by a protozoan that leads to frothy discharge w/ a bad odor |
| genital herpes | caused by Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 that appear as blisters on the genital organs |
| genital warts | caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) that increase risk of cancer |
| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) | caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) |
| gravida | pregnant woman |
| para | woman who gave birth to at least one live baby |
| primigravida | woman pregnant for the first time |
| multigravida | woman pregnant more than once |
| multipara | woman gave birth to many babies |
| dystocia | difficult labor |
| parturition | process of giving birth |
| ectopic pregnancy | pregnancy outside the uterus |
| eclampsia | toxemia (toxic in blood) during pregnancy |
| placenta previa | an abnormal position of the placenta where it is attached near the cervix |
| pelvimetry | measurement of the pelvic dimensions to determine the posisibility fo vaginal delivery |
| puerperium | period of 42 days after giving birth |
| amniocentesis | puncture of the amniotic sac to obtain a sample of the amniotic fluid to test for genetic diseases |
| colposcopy | visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope |
| laparoscopy | visual examination of the abdominal cavity using laparscope |
| endometrial biopsy | tissue sample from endometrium |
| Papanicolaou Smear (Pap smear) | taking a sample of celss from the cervix for cytological study; used for early diagnosis of cervix cancer |
| mammography | x ray of the breast |
| hysterosalpingography (HSG) | x ray of the uterus and uterine (fallopian) tubes |
| ultrasonography | imaging using high frequency sound |
| hysterectomy | surgical removal of the uterus |
| salpingo-oophorectomy | surgical removal of a fallopian tube and an ovary |
| Total Hysterectomy w/ bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy | removal of the uterus, tubes and ovaries |
| myomectomy | surgical removal of fibroid tumor from the uterus |
| Ceasrean Section (C - Section) | a surgical procedure to deliver babies through an abdominal incision |
| episiotomy | making an incision in the vulva and perineum during childbirth to enlarge the vaginal opening |
| episiorrhaphy | surgical suture of the vulva and perineum |
| dilation & curettage (D & C) | widening of the cervical canal and scraping the endometrium w/ a curette |
| mastectomy | surgical removal of the whole breast |
| lumpectomy | surgical removal of a tumor from the breast |
| mammoplasty, mastoplasty | surgical reconstruction of the breast |
| tubal ligation | procedure to ligate (tie) the uterine tube as a method of contraception |
| Intra Uterine Device (IUD) | a device inserted inside the uterus to prevent implantation (contraception) |
| Artificial Insemination (AI) | injecting sperm into the vagina or uterus |
| In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) | fertilization outside the female body then the fertilized egg is planted into the uterus |
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