Ch. 8 - Cardiovascular System/ Terms (final)
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| pericardial effusion | accumulation of fluids in the pericardial sac
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| arrhythmia | irregular hear beat
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| fibrillation | weak contraction of the heart muscle
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| palpitation | feeling of abnormal/ irregulat heart beat
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| Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) | a defect (a hole) in the septum between the 2 atria (pleural is atrium)
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| Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) | a defect (a hole) in the septum between the 2 ventricles
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| Hypertension (HTN) | high blood pressure at 140/90Hg. The normal is 120/80.
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| Hypotension | low blood pressure at 90/60 or less that caused dizziness or faint
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| Hyperlipdemia | excessive lipid (fat) in the blood
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| Hypercholesterol emia | high blood cholesterol level
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| arteriosclerosis | hardening of the arterial wall caused by old age
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| artherosclerosis | hardening of the arterial walls due to deposition (build up) of fat plaques
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| embolus | plug, undissolved matter circulation in the blood
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| pulmonary embolism | blockage of one the branch in the pulmonary arteries by an embolus
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| Myocardial Infarction (MI) | death of a part of a heart muscle caused by complete blockage of one the branch in the coronary arteries
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| Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) | failure of the heart to pump enough blood
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| Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | formation of blood clot in the deep veins of the lower limb
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| Cerebro Vascular Accident (CVA) | aka Stroke. An accident of hemorrage/ blockage of the the brain
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| Aortic Stenosis (AS) | narrowing of aortic valve
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| Mistral Stenosis | narrowing of the mistral (biscupid) valve
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| infarction | necrosis (death) of a part of a tissue
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| ischemia | inadequate blood supply
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| angina pectoris | chest pain caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries (ischemia)
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| thrombus | blood clot
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| cardiac arrest | stopping of the heart (Code Blue in hospital)
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| hemostasis | stopping of bleeding
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| varicose veins | dialated and twisted veins in the lower limb may due to standing for a long time
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| stent | a device inserted in the artery to keep it open
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| coronary angioplasty | surgical repair of coronary blood vessels using a balloon
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| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) | dilation of an occluded vessel using a balloon catheter under fluoroscopic
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| coronary artery by pass graft (CABG) | surgical procedure to by-pass a blocked artery using a vein or an artery graft
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| cardial version | process of restoring the normal heart rhythm using a defibrillator
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| open heart surgery | surgical procedure performed on the heart
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| thrombolysis | dissolving blood clot using specific enzymes
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| phlebotomy | performing a small cut on a vein to take a blood sample
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| venipuncture | puncture of a vein to take a blood sample
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| thrombectomy | surgical removal of fat plaques (atheroma)
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| pericardiocentesis | puncturing of the pericardium to remove fluids
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| valvotomy | incision of a valve to treat stenosis (narrowing, stricture)
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| electrocardiography (ECG, EKG) | recording of the electric waves of the heart
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| stress test | ECG taken during exercise (on a treadmill machine)
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| Holter monitor test | ECG taken for 24 hours using a small portable device
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| echocardiography (ECHO) | taking image of the heart using ultrasound
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| cardiac catheterization | introducing a catheter (tube) into the heart blood vessels
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| coronary angiography | radiological examination of the heart blood vessels
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| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | imaging the heart using strong magnetic field
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| Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) | imaging the heart blood vessels using strong magnetic fields
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| lipid panel (profile) | measuring the blood lipids: total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, & Triglyceride
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