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Medical Terminology
Ch. 8 - Cardiovascular System/ Terms (final)
Term | Definition |
---|---|
pericardial effusion | accumulation of fluids in the pericardial sac |
arrhythmia | irregular hear beat |
fibrillation | weak contraction of the heart muscle |
palpitation | feeling of abnormal/ irregulat heart beat |
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) | a defect (a hole) in the septum between the 2 atria (pleural is atrium) |
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) | a defect (a hole) in the septum between the 2 ventricles |
Hypertension (HTN) | high blood pressure at 140/90Hg. The normal is 120/80. |
Hypotension | low blood pressure at 90/60 or less that caused dizziness or faint |
Hyperlipdemia | excessive lipid (fat) in the blood |
Hypercholesterol emia | high blood cholesterol level |
arteriosclerosis | hardening of the arterial wall caused by old age |
artherosclerosis | hardening of the arterial walls due to deposition (build up) of fat plaques |
embolus | plug, undissolved matter circulation in the blood |
pulmonary embolism | blockage of one the branch in the pulmonary arteries by an embolus |
Myocardial Infarction (MI) | death of a part of a heart muscle caused by complete blockage of one the branch in the coronary arteries |
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) | failure of the heart to pump enough blood |
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | formation of blood clot in the deep veins of the lower limb |
Cerebro Vascular Accident (CVA) | aka Stroke. An accident of hemorrage/ blockage of the the brain |
Aortic Stenosis (AS) | narrowing of aortic valve |
Mistral Stenosis | narrowing of the mistral (biscupid) valve |
infarction | necrosis (death) of a part of a tissue |
ischemia | inadequate blood supply |
angina pectoris | chest pain caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries (ischemia) |
thrombus | blood clot |
cardiac arrest | stopping of the heart (Code Blue in hospital) |
hemostasis | stopping of bleeding |
varicose veins | dialated and twisted veins in the lower limb may due to standing for a long time |
stent | a device inserted in the artery to keep it open |
coronary angioplasty | surgical repair of coronary blood vessels using a balloon |
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) | dilation of an occluded vessel using a balloon catheter under fluoroscopic |
coronary artery by pass graft (CABG) | surgical procedure to by-pass a blocked artery using a vein or an artery graft |
cardial version | process of restoring the normal heart rhythm using a defibrillator |
open heart surgery | surgical procedure performed on the heart |
thrombolysis | dissolving blood clot using specific enzymes |
phlebotomy | performing a small cut on a vein to take a blood sample |
venipuncture | puncture of a vein to take a blood sample |
thrombectomy | surgical removal of fat plaques (atheroma) |
pericardiocentesis | puncturing of the pericardium to remove fluids |
valvotomy | incision of a valve to treat stenosis (narrowing, stricture) |
electrocardiography (ECG, EKG) | recording of the electric waves of the heart |
stress test | ECG taken during exercise (on a treadmill machine) |
Holter monitor test | ECG taken for 24 hours using a small portable device |
echocardiography (ECHO) | taking image of the heart using ultrasound |
cardiac catheterization | introducing a catheter (tube) into the heart blood vessels |
coronary angiography | radiological examination of the heart blood vessels |
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | imaging the heart using strong magnetic field |
Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) | imaging the heart blood vessels using strong magnetic fields |
lipid panel (profile) | measuring the blood lipids: total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, & Triglyceride |