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Medical Terminology
Ch. 8 - Cardiovascular System/ Terms (final)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| pericardial effusion | accumulation of fluids in the pericardial sac |
| arrhythmia | irregular hear beat |
| fibrillation | weak contraction of the heart muscle |
| palpitation | feeling of abnormal/ irregulat heart beat |
| Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) | a defect (a hole) in the septum between the 2 atria (pleural is atrium) |
| Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) | a defect (a hole) in the septum between the 2 ventricles |
| Hypertension (HTN) | high blood pressure at 140/90Hg. The normal is 120/80. |
| Hypotension | low blood pressure at 90/60 or less that caused dizziness or faint |
| Hyperlipdemia | excessive lipid (fat) in the blood |
| Hypercholesterol emia | high blood cholesterol level |
| arteriosclerosis | hardening of the arterial wall caused by old age |
| artherosclerosis | hardening of the arterial walls due to deposition (build up) of fat plaques |
| embolus | plug, undissolved matter circulation in the blood |
| pulmonary embolism | blockage of one the branch in the pulmonary arteries by an embolus |
| Myocardial Infarction (MI) | death of a part of a heart muscle caused by complete blockage of one the branch in the coronary arteries |
| Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) | failure of the heart to pump enough blood |
| Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | formation of blood clot in the deep veins of the lower limb |
| Cerebro Vascular Accident (CVA) | aka Stroke. An accident of hemorrage/ blockage of the the brain |
| Aortic Stenosis (AS) | narrowing of aortic valve |
| Mistral Stenosis | narrowing of the mistral (biscupid) valve |
| infarction | necrosis (death) of a part of a tissue |
| ischemia | inadequate blood supply |
| angina pectoris | chest pain caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries (ischemia) |
| thrombus | blood clot |
| cardiac arrest | stopping of the heart (Code Blue in hospital) |
| hemostasis | stopping of bleeding |
| varicose veins | dialated and twisted veins in the lower limb may due to standing for a long time |
| stent | a device inserted in the artery to keep it open |
| coronary angioplasty | surgical repair of coronary blood vessels using a balloon |
| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) | dilation of an occluded vessel using a balloon catheter under fluoroscopic |
| coronary artery by pass graft (CABG) | surgical procedure to by-pass a blocked artery using a vein or an artery graft |
| cardial version | process of restoring the normal heart rhythm using a defibrillator |
| open heart surgery | surgical procedure performed on the heart |
| thrombolysis | dissolving blood clot using specific enzymes |
| phlebotomy | performing a small cut on a vein to take a blood sample |
| venipuncture | puncture of a vein to take a blood sample |
| thrombectomy | surgical removal of fat plaques (atheroma) |
| pericardiocentesis | puncturing of the pericardium to remove fluids |
| valvotomy | incision of a valve to treat stenosis (narrowing, stricture) |
| electrocardiography (ECG, EKG) | recording of the electric waves of the heart |
| stress test | ECG taken during exercise (on a treadmill machine) |
| Holter monitor test | ECG taken for 24 hours using a small portable device |
| echocardiography (ECHO) | taking image of the heart using ultrasound |
| cardiac catheterization | introducing a catheter (tube) into the heart blood vessels |
| coronary angiography | radiological examination of the heart blood vessels |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | imaging the heart using strong magnetic field |
| Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) | imaging the heart blood vessels using strong magnetic fields |
| lipid panel (profile) | measuring the blood lipids: total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, & Triglyceride |
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