Chapter 6 Digestive System
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| show | orange-yellow pigment formed during destruction of erythrocytes that is taken up by liver cells to form bilirubin and eventually secreted in the feces
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| bolus | show 🗑
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| show | gland that secretes its products through excretory ducts to the surface of an organ or tissue or into a vessel
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| sphincter | show 🗑
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| show | organic compound, a true fat, that is made of one glycerol and three fatty acids
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| what does elevated bilirubin in the blood produce? | show 🗑
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| show | cheeks
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| what forms the oral cavity | show 🗑
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| mastication | show 🗑
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| show | beneath the enamel, main structure of the tooth
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| pulp | show 🗑
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| gingiva | show 🗑
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| deglutition | show 🗑
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| show | rough projections on the surface of the tongue that contain taste buds
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| show | sweet, sour, salty and bitter
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| two structures that form the roof of the mouth | show 🗑
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| pharynx | show 🗑
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| trachea | show 🗑
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| show | tube in the lowest portion of the pharynx that leads to the stomach
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| show | small flap of cartilage that folds back to cover the trachea during swallowing, forcing food to enter the esophagus
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| or/o | show 🗑
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| oral | show 🗑
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| show | mouth
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| show | inflammation of the mouth
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| gloss/o | show 🗑
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| show | removal of all or part of the tongue
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| lingu/o | show 🗑
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| lingual | show 🗑
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| show | cheek
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| show | pertaining to the cheek
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| show | lip
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| cheiloplasty | show 🗑
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| labi/o | show 🗑
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| show | pertaining to the lips
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| show | teeth
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| show | specialist who treats disorders of teeth
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| show | teeth
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| gingiv/o | show 🗑
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| sial/o | show 🗑
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| sialolith | show 🗑
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| esophag/o | show 🗑
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| show | pharynx (throat)
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| show | stomach
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| show | pylorus (sphincter of the stomach)
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| show | duodenum (first part of small intestine)
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| duodenoscopy | show 🗑
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| show | intestine
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| enteropathy | show 🗑
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| show | jejunum (second part of small intestine)
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| show | suture of the jejunum
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| ile/o | show 🗑
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| ileostomy | show 🗑
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| append/o | show 🗑
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| appendic/o | show 🗑
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| col/o | show 🗑
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| show | colon
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| sigmoid/o | show 🗑
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| show | incision of the sigmoid colon
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| show | rectum
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| rectocele | show 🗑
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| show | anus, rectum
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| show | anus
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| perianal | show 🗑
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| show | liver
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| show | pancreas
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| pancreatolysis | show 🗑
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| show | bile vessel
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| show | bile, gall
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| show | gallstone
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| cholecyst/o | show 🗑
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| choledoch/o | show 🗑
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| choledochoplasty | show 🗑
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| show | vomit
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| hyperemesis | show 🗑
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| -iasis | show 🗑
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| cholelithiasis | show 🗑
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| show | appetite
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| show | digestion
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| show | difficult or painful digestion
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| show | swallowing, eating
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| aerophagia | show 🗑
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| -prandial | show 🗑
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| postprandial | show 🗑
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| show | discharge of fat in fecal matter
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| show | through, across
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| show | around
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| show | under, below
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| first part of the small intestine | show 🗑
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| what prevents the stomach contents from regurgitating back into the esophagus | show 🗑
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| fundus | show 🗑
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| pylorus | show 🗑
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| show | macroscopic longitudinal folds that gradually unfold as the stomach fills
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| show | stomach secretions that are turn semiliquid from stomach churning
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| show | where chyme leaves the stomach to enter the duodenum. regulates the speed and movement of chyme into the small
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| peristalsis | show 🗑
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| show | uppermost segment of small intestine (10 inches long)
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| show | middle segment of small intestine, approx 8 feet long
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| ileum | show 🗑
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| villi | show 🗑
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| ileocecal valve info | show 🗑
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| show | first 2 or 3 inches of the large intestine, small pouch that hangs inferior to the ileocecal valve
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| appendix info | show 🗑
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| liver info | show 🗑
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| show | elongated flat organ, posterior and inferior to stomach, performs endocrine (secretes insulin into blood) and exocrine (digestive enzymes into duodenum) functions
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| show | saclike structure, storage area for bile
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| show | showing no symptoms
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| ulcer | show 🗑
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| show | hole
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| peritonitis | show 🗑
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| ulcerative colitis | show 🗑
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| show | surgical creation of an opening
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| hernia | show 🗑
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| inguinal hernia | show 🗑
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| strangulated hernia | show 🗑
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| show | protrusion of part of the intestine at the navel
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| show | hernia in newborns
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| show | surgical repair of hernia
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| show | diaphragmatic or hiatal hernia
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| show | gastroesophageal reflux disorder, back flow of gastric contents into the esophagus due to malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior portion of the esophagus
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| show | obstruction in intestines when intestinal contents are prevented from moving forward due to an obstacle or barrier blocking the lumen
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| show | intestinal obstruction when peristalsis is impaired and the intestinal contents cannot be propelled through the bowel
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| volvolus | show 🗑
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| show | intestinal "telescoping" where part of the intestine slips into another part just beneath it
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| hemorrhoids | show 🗑
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| show | surgical removal of hemorrhoid
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| hepatitis A | show 🗑
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| show | serum hepatitis
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| common causes of hep A | show 🗑
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| show | transmission routes other than the mouth (ex: blood transfusions and sexual contact)
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| jaundice | show 🗑
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| diverticulosis | show 🗑
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| diverticula | show 🗑
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| show | extreme constipation
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| gastric adenocarcinoma | show 🗑
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| show | lack or loss of appetite, results of inability to eat
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| show | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, most commonly caused by chronic liver disease
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| show | rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine
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| show | physical wasting that includes loss of weight and muscle mass and is commonly associated with AIDS and cancer
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| show | presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct
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| show | scarring and dysfunction of the liver caused by chronic liver disease
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| colic | show 🗑
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| Crohn disease | show 🗑
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| dysentery | show 🗑
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| dysphagia | show 🗑
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| show | producing gas from the stomach, usually with a characteristic sounds, burping
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| show | fecal concretion
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| flatus | show 🗑
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| show | foul-smelling breath
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| hematemesis | show 🗑
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| irritable bowel syndrome | show 🗑
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| malabsorption syndrome | show 🗑
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| melena | show 🗑
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| obesity | show 🗑
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| show | BMI of 40 or greater, which is about 100 pounds or more over ideal body weight
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| show | formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of the tongue, lips, or cheek caused primarily by irritation
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| show | progressive, wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body
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| show | stricture or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter at the outlet of the stomach, causing an obstruction that blocks the flow of food into the small intestine
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| show | backward flowing, as in the return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach
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| nasogastric intubation | show 🗑
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| show | surgical joining of two ducts, vessels or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another
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| ileorectal anastomosis | show 🗑
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| show | surgical connection of two portions of the intestines
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| bariatric surgery | show 🗑
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| vertical banded gastroplasty | show 🗑
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| show | bariatric surgery that involves stapling the stomach to decrease its size and then shortening the jejunum and connecting it to the small stomach pouch, decreases pathway of food though the intestine, thus reducing absorption of calories and fats
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| colostomy | show 🗑
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| lithotripsy | show 🗑
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| show | excision of a polyp
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| show | incision of the longitudinal and circular muscles of the pylorus, which is used to treat hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
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| gastrointestinal endoscopy | show 🗑
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| hepatitis panel | show 🗑
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| liver function tests | show 🗑
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| serum bilirubin | show 🗑
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| stool culture | show 🗑
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| show | test that applies a substance called a guaiac to a stool sample to detect the presence of occult (hidden) blood in the feces
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| computed tomography | show 🗑
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| show | radiographic images of the rectum and colon following administration of barium into the rectum (aka barium enema)
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| show | radiographic images taken of the gallbladder after administration of a contract material containing iodine, usually in the form of a tablet
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| magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography | show 🗑
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| sialography | show 🗑
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| ultrasonography | show 🗑
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| show | provides visual of the abdominal aorta, liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, pancreas, kidneys, ureters, and bladder
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| endoscopic ultrasonography | show 🗑
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| show | radiographic images of the esophagus, stomach and small intestine following oral administration of barium
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