WVSOM -- Medical Neuroscience -- Ventricles
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| What foramen are on the lateral sides of the fourth ventricle and where do they lead? | Foramen of Luschke that open to the sub-arachnoid space
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| What is the central opening of the 4th ventricle and where does it go? | Foramen of magendie which provides communication
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| Where is the 4th ventricle? | on the dorsal surface of teh brain stem beneath the cerebellum
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| What does teh third ventricle separate? | left and right diencephalon
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| How does the 3rd ventricle connect to the 4th ventricle? | cerebral aqueduct
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| Where does teh cerebral aqueduct pass thru? | the length of the midbrain
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| What is the rostral border of the 3rd ventricle? | lamina terminalis
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| What does the lateral ventricle contain? | large amounts of chorid plexus
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| Describe the production of CSF | predominantly in the choroid plexus predominently in lateral ventricles. capilaries in the plexus are large, thin and fenestrated. Na+ is secreted by choroid peithelial cells into the CSF follwed by passive meovement of water from teh chorid capillaries
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| How much CSF is produced a day? | 400-500ml
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| How much total CSF is in the body at a time? | 150ml
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| Describe the flow of CSF | flows from the lateral vetnricle thru the interventricular foramen into the 3rd ventricle and then into the fourth ventricle via the cerebral aqueduct. CSF leaves teh ventrices thru the 3 aperatures of the 4th ventricle to enter the subarachnoid space
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| How does most CSF leave the 4th ventricle? | median apperature
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| How is CSF reabsorbed? | reabsorbed into the venous system by passing into thedural venous sinuses. along the sinuses are aracnoid villi which consist of invatination of arachonid mater where reabsorption occurs.
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| What does reabsoprtion occur in the arachonid villi? | there is higher hydrostatic prssure in the subarachnoid space than the sinus lumen
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| What is communicating hydrocephalus? | impaired CSF reabsorption, obstruction of flow in SAS or rarely excess CSF production
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| What is non-communicating hydrocephalus? | obstruction of flow within the ventricular system. Common at narrow poitns such as foramen or aqueduct
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| What are symptoms of hyrdocephalus? | headach, N/V, cognitive impairment, decreased LOC, papilledema and decreased visual function
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