WVSOM -- Gross Anatomy -- Head and Neck Autonomics
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| Describe the parasympathetic pathways associated with CN III thru the ciliary ganglion pathway. | CN III Nucleus > CN III > Cilary Ganglion (synapses) > short ciliary nerves (V1)
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| Where are the presynaptic neurons in the cilary ganglion pathway? | CN III nucleus
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| Where are the presynaptic neurons in the ciliary ganglion pathway | CNIII
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| Where are post synaptic axons in the ciliary ganglion pathway? | short ciliary nerves
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| What end organs do the Ciliary Ganglion Pathway synpase on? | Sphincter papillae muscle and ciliary body
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| What is the function of the parasympathetics on the sphincter papillae muscle? | papillary constriction
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| What is the parasympathetic effect on the ciliary body? | accommodation
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| Describe the Pterygopalatine Ganglion Pathway | CN VII Nucleus > CN VII > Nervus Intermedius/Greater petrosal nerve/Nerve of the pterygoid canal > pterygopalatine ganglion > trigeminal branches
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| Where are the presynaptic axons of the ptherygopalatine ganglion pathway? | CN VII?nervus Intermedius/greater petrosal nerve/nerve of the pterygoid canal
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| Where do the presynaptic axons synapse in the pterygopalatine ganglion pathway? | ptherygopalatine ganglion
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| Where are the post synaptic axons of the pterygopalatine ganglion pathway? | trigeminal branches
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| What are the end organs of the pterygopalatine ganglion pathway? | lacrima gland and mucous glands/membranes
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| Describe the submandibular ganglion pathway | CNVII Nucleus > CN VII/nervus intermedius/chorda tympanti/lingual nerve > submandibular ganglion > bloodvessels/trigeminal branches
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| What are the end organs in the submandibular ganglion pathway? | sumbandibular gland
sublingal gland
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| Where do presynaptic axons synapse in the submandibular ganglion pathway? | submandibular ganglion
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| Describe the Otic Ganglion Pathway | CN IX nucleus > CN IX/tympanic nerve/ lesser petrosal nerve > otic ganglion > auriculotemportal nerve
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| What is the auriculotemporal nerve a branch of? | V3
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| Where do presynaptic axons synapse in the otic ganglion pathway? | otic ganglion
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| What does the otic ganglion pathway innervate? | parotid gland
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| Describe the pathway of the sympathetic Pathways of the head. | IML (T1-T5) > ventral roots > rami > white rami communicans > sympathetic chain > presynaptic axons > superior cervical ganglion > Periarterial Plexus/CN V > end organs
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| What are the end organs of the sympathetic pathways of the head? | dilator pupillae m, superior tarsal m, blood vessels, sweat glands
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| Describe the sympathetic pathways of the neck. | IML (T1-T5)> ventral roots > rami > white rami communicans > sympathetic chain > cercial sympathetic ganglia > grey rami communicans/spinal nerves
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| Where do the presynaptic sympathetic neck pathways synapse? | cervical sympathetic ganglion
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| Where do the presynaptic sympathetic head pathways synpase | superior cervical ganglion
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| What is the function of the sympathetics to the neck? | blood vessel vasoconstriction and sweat gland diaphoresis
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| What are the parasympathetic relationships to the trigeminal nerve from the ciliary ganglion? | short ciliary nerves (V1)
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| What are the parasympathetic relationships to the trigeminal nerve from the pterygopalatine ganglion? | zygomatic nerve (V2)
Lacrimal Nerve (V1)
Palatine Nerves (V2)
Nasal Nerves (V1 and V2)
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| What are the parasympathetic relationships to the trigeminal nerve from the submandibular ganglion to the trigeminal nerve? | lingual nerve (v3)
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| What are the parasympathetic relationships to the trigeminal nerve from the otic ganglion? | auriculotemporal nerve (V3)
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| What are the sympathetic relationships to the trigeminal nerve from the superior cervical ganglion/periarterial plexus? | opthalmic, maxillary and mandibular nerve branches
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| What is the parasympathetic innervation of the orbit? | CN III/ciliary ganglion innervates sphincter papillae m, puillary constriction and ciliary body for accomodation. CN VII/pterygopalatine ganglion innervates the lacrimal gland and lacrimation
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| What is the result of sympathetic innervation to the orbit? | blood vessels, vasoconstriction, dilator pupillae, pupillary dilation and superior tarsal muscle
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| What does parasympathetic innervation of the nasal cavity result in? | mucous produciton from the mucus membranes
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| What parasympathetics innervate the nasal cavity? | CN VII/Pterygopalatine ganglion
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| What parasympathetic pathway innervates the parotid gland? | CN IX/Otic Ganglion Pathway
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| What causes Horner's syndrome? | lesion of the sympathetic pathway to the head.
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| What are the symptoms of horner's syndrome? | Ipsilateral vasodilation, miosis, ptosis and anidrosis
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