Joint and lever basics.
Help!
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| The 3 parts of the lever system. | 1. Fulcrum: point of movement (joint).
2. Resistance: weight or force.
3. Effort: force exerted to overcome resistance.
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| Class 1 Lever | Balanced. Example: Scull balanced on the spinal column.
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| Class 2 Lever | Power. "Wheelbarrow". Example: the lower body area needed for forward momentum.
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| Class 3 Lever | Greatest movement. Range of motion, flexibility. Most common in the body.
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| Joint | The point where bones meet and movement occurs.
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| Classification of Joints: A. B. | A. Class by function.
B. Class by structure.
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| Class by Function: 1. 2. 3. | 1. Synarthrotic: no movement.
2. Ampiarthrotic: some movement.
3. Diarthrotic: free movement.
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| Class by Structure: 1. 2. 3. | 1. Fibrous (synarthrotic).
2. Cartilaginous (ampiarthrotic).
3. Synovial (diarthrotic)
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| Diarthrotic/Synovial Joints - 6 types: | 1. Hinge
2. Ball & Socket
3. Pivot
4. Ellipsoid/Condyloid
5. Saddle
6. Gliding
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| Articular Cartilage | Glass-like covering protecting ends of bones from friction while the articulate.
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| Fibrous Stratum | Tough fibrous structure that connects bones with eachother (fibrous capsule around joint).
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| Synovial Stratum | Membrane: secretes a viscous fluid that lubricates the joint.
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| Ellipsoid Joint | The oval-shaped end of one bone articulating with the elliptical basin of another.
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| Hinge Joint | Just like the door lock and the bathroom at Whidbey.
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| Pivot Joint | Like a donut rotating around a broom handle.
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| Gliding Joint | Occurs between 2 flat surfaces.
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| Saddle Joint | Modified ellipsod. Composed of convex and concave articulating surfaces (like 2 saddles).
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