Nervous System Organization, Glial cells, Structure of a Neuron
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| Central Nervous System | Includes the brain and spinal cord.
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| Peripheral Nervous System | Includes spinal nerves to carry impulses to and from the spinal cord and cranial nerves to carry impulses to and from the brain.
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| Sensory (afferent) Division | Includes somatic sensory fibers and visceral sensory fibers.
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| Motor (efferent) Division | Carries impulses from the CNS to organs, muscles and glands.
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| Sense Organs | Skin, skeletal muscles, joints, and organs.
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| Somatic Division | Voluntarily controlled like skeletal muscles.
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| Autonomic Division | Involuntarily controlled like the heart muscle.
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| Parasympathetic Division | Referred to as the "Resting and Digesting" system.
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| Sympathetic Division | Referred to as the "Fight or Flight" system
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| Astrocyte | *Abundant, star shaped.
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| Microglial cell | *Spider-like phagocyte.
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| Ependymal cells | *Lines the cavity of the brain and spinal cord.
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| Oligodendrocytes | *Produces fatty insulating coverings called myelin sheaths.
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| Satellite cells | *Act as protective, cushioning cells.
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| Schwann cells | *Form myelin sheaths around nerve fibers.
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| Nucleus | Control center of the cell body of the neuron.
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| Mitochondrion | The energy providing organelle.
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| Dendrite | convey incoming messages toward the cell body.
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| Cell body | Part of the neuron that contains organelles surrounded by cytoplasm.
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| Nissl substance | Rough endoplasmic reticulum
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| Axon hillock | Cone like region
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| Neurofibrils | Sometimes called the "neuron husk".
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| Axon | carry messages away from the cell body.
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| Collateral branch | An occasional protrusion along an axon.
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| Node of Ranvier | Gaps formed from the individual Schwann cells
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| Axon terminal | End of the axon
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