Stack #205483
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| tissue | a collection of similar cells and noncellular substances (extracellular matrix) secreted by the cells
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| four types of tissue | epithelial, connective, muscle nervous
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| histology | microscopic study of tissues
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| apical surface | free or top surface, surface which is exposed to either the external environment or to some internal body space
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| lateral surface | side-by-side with other cells, having intercellular junctions
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| basal surface | in contact with other cells (often other tissue types), fixed or bottom surface
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| avascular | lacking blood vessels
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| Distinctive feature of epithelial tissue #1 | consists almost entirely of epithelial cells
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| Distinctive feature of epithelial tissue #2 | covers body surfaces and forms glands
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| Distinctive feature of epithelial tissue #3 | has free and basal surface
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| Distinctive feature of epithelial tissue #4 | avascular
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| Distinctive feature of epithelial tissue #5 | undergoes mitosis
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| Single cell layer | simple
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| More than one cell layer | stratified
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| pseudostratified (columnar) | single layer, only some cells reach the apical surface
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| transitional | number of cell layers decreases when stretched
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| squamous | scaly, cells flattened
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| cuboidal | cells cube-shaped
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| columnar | cells are taller than wide, shaped like a column
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| simple squamous function/location | diffusion, lungs (alveoli)
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| simple cuboidal/columnar function/location | absorption/filtration/secretion, small intestine, kidneys
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| all types of stratified function/location | protection against abrasion, invasion, etc., outside of your skin
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| glands | secretory organs made mostly of epithelium (form as invaginations)
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| exocrine gland | have ducts opening to the outer surface lined with epithelium
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| types of exocrine glands | sweat glands, mucus glands
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| endocrine glands | duct-less, secretions (hormones) transported into the blood system
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| types of endocrine glands | pituitary gland, pancreas, thyroid gland
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| Distinctive feature of connective tissue #1 | abundant and diverse
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| Distinctive feature of connective tissue #2 | consists of cells separated by extracellular matrix
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| Distinctive feature of connective tissue #3 | specialized cells produce the extracellular matrix
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| Distinctive feature of connective tissue #4 | performs a variety of important functions
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| -blast | creates the matrix
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| -cyte | fully developed an mature cell
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| -clast | breaks down the matrix for remodeling
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| mesenchyme | basic, fundamental connective tissue from which adult tissue is derived
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| collagen fiber | thickest type of fiber, like a steel cable (strong but resists pull/tension)
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| reticular fiber | thinner fiber, like a steel wire (not as strong as collagen)
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| elastic fiber | thinner, made of elastin, properties allow it to stretch and return to normal
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| Yellow fat | most abundant, storage for lipids, cushions and insulates
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| Brown fat | found only in specific areas of the body, contains lots of mitochondria for metabolism
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| tendons | connect muscles to bones
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| ligaments | connect bones to bones
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| Characteristics of loose connective tissue | cells and fibers widely dispersed, lots of extracellular matrix
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| Characteristics of dense connective tissue | cells and fibers are densely packed
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| Characteristics of blood connective tissue | liquid, extracellular matrix made mostly of water, transport medium
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| Functions of loose connective tissue | loose packing material of most organs and tissues, attaches skin to underlying tissues
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| Origin of yellow fat | derived from mesenchymal cells
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| origin of brown fat | derived from muscle tissue
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| Functions of dense regular connective tissue | resists pulling along its length
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| Functions of dense irregular connective tissue | forms the dermis of the skin, strong in all directions
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| Location of elastic connective tissue | ligaments in vocal cords, in walls of elastic arteries
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| chondrocyte | mature, nondividing cartilage cell
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| hyaline cartilage structure | glassy appearing matrix
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| hyaline cartilage function/location | smooth surfaces for movement of joints, model for bone growth; fetal skeleton, covers end of long bones, larynx, trachea, nose
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| fibrocartilage structure | parallel collagen fibers in matrix
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| fibrocartilage function/location | resists compression, absorbs shock; intervertebral discs
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| elastic cartilage structure | contains abundant elastic fibers that form a weblike mesh around lacunae
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| elastic cartilage function/location | maintains structure and shape while permitting flexibility; external ear
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Created by:
Jean-O
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