A & P II test
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| hormone released by pineal glands | melatonin
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| hormone produced by adrenal gland | catelcholamines, epinephrine, norepinephrine
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| epinephrine | adrenaline
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| norepinephrine | noradrenaline
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| endocrine | ductless glands-secrete into blood or tissue
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| exocrine | glands with ducts-secrete onto surfaces or specific areas
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| major cause of hypersecretion | tumors
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| insulin | lowers blood glucose levels
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| lack of insulin causes... | diabetes mellitus
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| hyposecretion | condition of too little hormone
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| hypersecretion | condition of too much hormone
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| master gland | pituitary gland
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| pancreas | produces insulin & glucagon
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| hyperthyroidism | increases metabolism
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| hypothyroidism | decreases metabolism
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| tissue hormones | prostaglandins
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| sex steroids | gonadocorticoids
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| sex hormones | female-progesterone, estrogen; male-testosterone
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| anterior pituitary hormones | GH, ACTH, FSH, LH, PRL, MSH, TSH
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| GH growth hormone | stimulates growth
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| ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone | normal growth & development of adrenal cortex, releases glucocorticoids & androgens
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| FSH follicle stimulating hormone | female-stimulates growth & maturation of ovarian follicles
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| FSH follicle stimulating hormone | male-stimulates sperm production
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| LH lutenizing hormone | female-causes ovulation & stimulates progesterone production in ovaries
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| LH lutenizing hormone | male-stimulates production of testosterone in testes
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| PRL prolactin | in males but active mostly in females, breast development & initiates milk production
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| MSH melanocyte-stimulating hormone | pigment cells of skin
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| TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone | growth & development of thyroid gland & controls release of thyroid hormone
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| endocrine glands... | release hormones
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| hypothalmus gland | link between both nervous system & endocrine
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| addisons disease | low cortisol levels
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| parathyroid releases... | parathyroid hormone
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| thyroid releases... | calcitonin
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| calcitonin | puts calcium into bones
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| parathyroid | pulls calcium out of bones
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| cushings disease | elevated levels of glucocorticoid
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| cushings syndrome symptoms | buffalo hump, edema, hyperglycemia, muscle weakness
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| cushings syndrome symptoms | suppressed immunity, osteoporosis, acne
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| cushings syndrome symptoms | increased facial hair, possible diabetes mellitus
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| hypoparathyroidism | causes low levels of serum calcium
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| hypocalcemic tetany | loss of sensation, muscle twitches, uncontrolled spasms, convulsions, spasms of skeletal muscles
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| antidiuretic hormone | holds urine in
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| ectomy | means "to remove"
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| GAS | sympathetic state, being stressed
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| adrenal glands location | top of kidneys
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| pineal gland location | inside brain within diencephalon -'third eye'
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| pituitary gland location | in brain anterior to hypothalamus
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| type I diabetes | insulin dependent
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| type II diabetes | non insulin dependent
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| cretinism | low metabolic rate, retarded growth & sexual development, frequently retardation
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