Skeletal System
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| Muscles that form the iliopsoas | Psoas Major and Illiacus
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| Mature bone cell, maintains bone matrix, live in lucunae, do not divide | Osteocyte
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| Shaft of long bone | Diaphysis
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| Wide part at the end of long bones | Epiphysis
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| Perpendicular to the central canal, carry vessels into bone marrow | Compact/Dense Bone
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| Basic unit of compact bone | Osteon
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| Matrix forms open network of trabeculae, filled with bone marrow; does not contain osteons | Spongy/Cellaneous Bone
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| Makes up 80% of the human skeleton, primary component of long bones | Compact/Dense Bone
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| Bone type that is the primary component of ribs and shoulders | Spongy/Cellaneous Bone
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| Found in shaft of long bones | Bone Marrow
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| Produce osteoid (matrix) by secreting matrix compound | Osteoblasts
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| Secrete acids and protein-digesting enzymes; dissolve matrix | Osteoclasts
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| Bone Matrix | Osteoid
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| Embryonic development of flat bones from an embryonic tissue called the mesenchyme; produces flat bones of skull, mandible, and clavicle | Intramembranous Ossification
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| Ossifies bones that originate as hyaline cartilage | Endochondral Ossification
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| Hormone made in kidneys; synthesis requires Vitamin D3, helps absorb calcium and phosphorus from digestive tract | Calcitrol
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| Increases calcium ion levels | Parathyroid Hormone
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| Bone mass loss that occurs with age | Osteopenia
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| Upper jaw bone | Maxilla
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| Lower jaw, only movable facial jaw | Mandible
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| Cheek bones | Zygomatic
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| Bone located at the inner corner of eye, contains tear ducts | Lacrimal
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| Bone located under neck, supports larynx | Hyoid
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| Elbow | Olecranon Process
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| 3 Bones that make up Pelvis | Ischium, Ilium, Pubis
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| Vertibrae: Total, Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar | 24 total, 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar
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| 5 fused vertibrae | Sacrum
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| 4 fused vertibrae | Coccyx
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| Made up of thoracic vertibrae, ribs, and sternum | Thoracic Cage
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| 7 ribs of this type | TRUE ribs
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| 3 ribs of this type | FALSE ribs (not attached to sternum directly)
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| 2 ribs of this type | FLOATING ribs (not attached to sternum at all)
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| 3 bones that form the sternum | Manubrium, Sternal Body, and Xiphoid Process
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| Bones that make up pectoral girdle | Clavicles and Scapula
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| How many bones make up the carpals in the wrists (both combined)? | 16
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| How many metacarpals make up the hands (both combined)? | 10
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| Hip Socket | Acetabulum
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| Freely movable joint | Diathrosis
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| Depressions | Foramen, Fossa, Meatus, Sinus
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| Responsible for forced exhalation | Internal Intercostal
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| Responsible for inhalation | External Intercostal
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| Responsible for stabilizing/extending the knee | Vastus Lateralis
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| Responsible for flexing of fingers | Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
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| Responsible for flexion of elbow | Brachioradialis
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| Responsible for flexion of wrist | Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
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