FSHN 450-2CVD/HTN
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| NAFLD and metabolic syndrome are___ for ___ | independent risk factors for CVD
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| NAFLD | non alcoholic fatty liver disease; associated w/ insulin resistance, increased TG, reduced HDL-c
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| Cardiac ct scan | calcification of hard atherosclerotic plaque shows up white
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| Echocardiography | ultrasound procedure for detecting cardiac valve disorders of heart enlargement
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| Most blockages occur in which artery? | LAD; left anterior descending artery
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| CIT | carotid intimal thickening; thickening of carotid arteries in neck 98% predictive for CAD
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| Angina | chest pain from ischemia
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| Stable angina | caused by cold temp, exercise, anxiety, or anything that increases cardiac oxygen requirements
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| Unstable angina | occurs at rest in absence of precipitating factors (high risk of MI)
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| two types of drugs that decrease cardiac O2 demand | Ca channel blockers, beta1 adrenergic receptors
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| Grapefruit juice statins | inhibits Cyp3A4 which catabolize statins, so they build up
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| Cholestyramine | bile acid sequestrant (to inhibit cholesterol absorption), tastes bad, abdominal pain, fat soluble vitamin deficiencies
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| Lovaza | 1000mg EPA capsule 4x/day to help lower TG
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| Niacin | liver damage, flushing, itching, tingling
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| CABG | coronary artery bypass graft, transplant from femoral vein or internal mammary artery (arteries preferred)
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| Physical activity guidelines | 40 mins most days (3-4 times per week)
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| Why DASH? | decreases plasma insulin, glucose, renin
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| AHA added sugar | <100 kcal/day women, <140 kcal/day men
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| Phytosterol/stanol enriched foods | interfere w/ solubilization of mixed micelles in GI, higher expression of ABC transporter (both decrease absorption of cholesterol)
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| PVCs | premature ventricular contractions (usually asymptomatic)
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| Vtach may be related to | low serum K+
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| Increase CHF pumping ability | dopamine, beta blockers, diuretics (furosemide K+ losing, hydrochlorothiazide K+ sparing)
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