Reformation
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| What is Christian Humanism | Earliest form Of reformation focussing on greek and roman cultural and educational reform
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| What was Christian Humanism's goal | Correct corruption within the Roman Catholic Church
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| What Books influenced the Christian Humanists | Greek and Roman Books
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| What did the Christian humanists want to do to the Christianity that developed during the Middle Ages | Combine classical and Christian Values
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| How did Christian humanists support the development of education? | Created the education system referred to as the Humanities
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| What is the “philosophy of Christ”? | Simplistic Christianity
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| What did Erasmus deemphasize with the above philosophy? | External trappings like the veneration of saints
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| How did Erasmus want to get people back to the simple early form of Christianity? | By following the bible and the new testament
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| What did Erasmus author to replace the Vulgate? | In Praise of Folly
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| What did Erasmus criticize in his book, the Praise of Folly? | The abuses by many churchman of his time
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| What did More write about in his book, Utopia? | Moore outlined what makes an ideal society in a socialist way
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| What is Utopia a critique of? | a criticism of the European world he saw around him with church and state
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| What were some of the major criticisms of the Roman Catholic Church during the time of the Renaissance? | Corruption, no separation between church and state
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| According to the RCC, how did a person achieve salvation? | By staying faithful and doing good deeds
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| According to the RCC, did people have free will? How could people make up for their mistakes? | Yes, by going to confession
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| According to the RCC, who was in charge of salvation? | The Pope
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| According to the RCC, who could interpret the Bible? | The Pope
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| According to the RCC, was the hierarchy necessary? | yes
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| According to the RCC, what was the role of the pope? | To be the final say in all things religous
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| How many sacraments did the RCC believe were necessary? | Seven
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| Where was Luther from? | German
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| What was the occupation of Luther? | Monk
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| What was the first major criticism of the RCC for Martin Luther? | The Selling of Indulgences
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| Why did Luther criticize the role of good works in achieving salvation? | He thought that is was not very logical
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| According to Luther, how did a person achieve salvation? | He believed the only way to truly achieve salvation was to have full faith in god not through good deeds
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| According to Luther who was in charge of salvation? | God and only god
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| According to Luther who could interpret the Bible? | The person reading it
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| For Luther, what is meant by the “priesthood of all believers”? | anyone can interpret the bible the way they see it
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| According to Martin Luther, should the church have power over secular rulers (kings) or should secular kings? | No there should be a separation between church and state
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| Why did Pope Leo X issue a decree for the sale of indulgences in 1517? | To bring in more income to the church
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| Who was Johann Tetzel? | Roman Catholic German Dominican friar and preacher. In addition, he was a Grand Inquisitor of Heresy to Poland
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| What was the 95 Theses written by Martin Luther? | an attack on the sail of indulgences
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| Why is the posting of the 95 Theses considered the opening event of the Reformation? | It was the inciting release to make the church challenge luther to debate
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| What was Luther criticizing in the 95 Theses? | Indulgences
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| How did the printing press affect the spread of the ideas in the 95 Theses? | It spread a lot faster and gained more followers than it normally would
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| What was the Leipzig Debate? | RCC challenged luther to a debate and instead of discrediting him it made him gain popularity
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| What were the major ideas of Luther stated in the Nobility of the German Nation? | Ideals about Baptism and the lords supper need to be changed
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| What were the major ideas of Luther stated in the Babylonian Captivity of the Church? |
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| What were the major ideas of Luther stated in the treatise, On the Freedom of the Christian Man? |
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| What was the response of the RCC to Luther and his writings? |
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| What was the Diet of Worms? |
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| Why was Luther accused of heresy at the Diet of Worms? |
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| What was stated in the Edict of Worms? |
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| Who gave Luther political protection from arrest by the RCC? |
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| What major book did Luther translate into German? |
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| What were the primary means by which Luther’s ideas spread to the people of Germany, since most people were illiterate? |
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| Where in Germany did Luther’s ideas spread? |
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| Who were the early converts to Lutheranism? |
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| Why did the peasants revolt against the German princes? |
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| Did Luther support the peasants or the princes in the peasant revolt? |
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| What did Luther state in his pamphlet, Against the Robbing and Murdering Hordes of Peasants? |
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| What two sacraments did Luther keep? |
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| What is baptism? |
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| What is the Lord’s Supper? |
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| What is transubstantiation? |
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| What did Luther say about transubstantiation? |
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| How did Luther change the worship service? |
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| What did Luther say about ministers getting married? |
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| Who was Charles V? |
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| What did Charles V want for his empire with regards to religion? |
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| Which countries/empires were the major foreign enemies of Charles V? |
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| What was stated at the Diet of Augsburg? |
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| How did the Lutheran princes respond to the Diet of Augsburg? |
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| Who won the first phase of the Schmakaldic Wars? |
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| Which foreign nation allied with the Schmakaldic League after the first phase? |
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| Why was this a weird pairing? |
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| What was stated in the Peace of Augsburg that ended the Schmakaldic Wars in the Holy Roman Empire? |
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