CH. 18 Franks
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| converted | changed religion
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| anointed | blessed with holy oil
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| counts | officials who ran Charlemagne's courts
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| serfs | people bound to the land
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| fallow | not planted
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| lords | nobles
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| stockades | wooden fences built around the farmhouses of Frankish lords
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| minstrels | traveling entertainers
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| Clovis | 1)481 was chosen king. 2)was the first Germanic king to become Christian (Catholic). 3)built a capital at Paris. 4)protected the Church against non-believers. 5)was cruel and greedy. 6)made Latin the official language of the court. 7)wore purple robes.
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| Franks | 1)were a Germanic group that became very important. 2)lived along the Rhine River.
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| Charles Martel | 1)known as "the hammer" because of his strength in battle. 2)led the Franks to victory at the Battle of Tours. 3)most powerful mayor. 4)son was Pepin. 5)gained Church support for his attempts to reunite the Franks. 6)when died son took his place (Pepin).
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| Battle of Tours | 1)one of the most important battles in European history. 2)the Frank's victory enabled Christianity to survive in western Europe. 3)Franks vs. Arabs.
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| Pepin | 1)started a new dynasty. 2)first Frankish king to be anointed by the Pope. 3)helped the Pope become the political ruler of the Italian Peninsula. 4)son of Charles Martel. 5)nickname "Pepin the Short".
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| Charlemagne | 1)wise and just ruler who issued many laws. 2)created a large empire. 3)second son of Pepin. 4)becomes king around 770. 5)goals: bring all of western Europe under his rule & all the Germanic people to become Christian. 6)set up many schools.
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| Charlemagne (cont.) | 7)waged a series of wars. 8)best known by his French name Charlemagne, which means "Charles the Great".
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| Lombards | 1)another group of Germans. 2)lost a battle with the Basques.
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| Mayor of the Palace | most important official in the king's household
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| legendary warrior | Roland
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| Louis the Pious | 1)divided the Frankish empire among his three sons. 2)Charlemagne's son and heir. 3)weakened the empire. 4)after he died his oldest son, Lothair, recieved the title of emperor.
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