Med. History
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| As the feudal system became outdated, who started fighting for power? | Kings and Popes
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| To extend his power, King Otto gave large amount of land to ___________? | relatives
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| To extend their power, the Holy Roman Empire tried recruiting Church officials from ________ _________. | lower classes
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| What pope tried to strengthen the power of the Pope over secular rulers? | Gregory VII
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| A treaty that declared the king had the right to appoint Church officials | Concordat of Worms
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| Who brought the German civil wars to an end by granting special privileges to German nobles? | Frederick Barbarossa
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| Why had the people of Europe lost confidence in the Pope? | they saw him use his office for political reasons
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| What was the census called taken by William the Conqueror when he took over England? | Doomsday Book
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| What king set up a system of law where a jury was used to decide on guilt and innocence? | King Henry II
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| How did King Henry II weaken his nobles? | by destroying their castles
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| Which king was more interested in fighting in the Crusades than being a king? | King Richard
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| Why was Richard called "the Lion-Hearted"? | His reputation as a great military leader and warrior
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| Who tried to take the throne from Richard? | Prince John
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| What document granted certain rights and protections to all freemen in England? | the Magna Charta
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| Who was forced to sign the Magna Charta? | King John
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| What was the name of the tax which nobles could pay to avoid military service? | scutage
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| What great aid to bible study was developed by Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury? | He divided the Bible into chapters and verses
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| What year was the Magna Charta signed | 1215
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| In what year did Richard become king? | In what year did Richard become king?
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| Who was William the Conqueror? | The Duke of Normandy who became the King of England in 1066
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| When did Henry II become king? | 1154
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| During whose reign was Parliament established? | King Henry III
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| What is Parliament? | The English legislature that started out as a council meeting to represent each city
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| What King of France tried to make an alliance with King John? | King Philip II
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| A sealed decree which announced that all men were subject to the pope, otherwise they could not go to heaven? | Papal Bull
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| Who issued the Papal Bull? | Pope Boniface VIII
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| Who fought in the Hundred Years War? | France and England
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| What woman saved France because God told her to lead them to victory? | Joan of Arc
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| When did the Hundred Years War begin? | 1337
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| Who was the father of the Scientific Method? | Roger Bacon
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| Who did William Wallace lead in rebellion against England? | the Scots - (Scottish Rebellion of 1296)
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| During the 14th century, what deadly pandemic hit Europe? | The Black Plague
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| Define philosophy | the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, truth, beauty, justice, validity, mind, and language
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| Define Scholasticism | During the middle ages, philosophy changed to making the Scriptures the main basis for study and understanding
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| How many people died from the Black Plague? | An estimated 25 million people in England alone.
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| Who was William the conqueror's great grandson who became king of England in 1154? | King Henry II
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| Who was King Henry II's wife | Eleanor of Aquitaine
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| What was remarkable about Queen Eleanor? | she was the only woman to be both queen of England and France; she was the mother of 2 kings and 2 queens
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| Which provision of the Magna Charta was a first step toward parliamentary government? | the king could not impose taxes unless the barons and bishops agreed
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| Who murdered archbishop Thomas Becket because he would not submit to the king's authority? | King Henry II
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| Who tried to overthrow King Henry II but he forgave him? | his son, Richard
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| How did King Henry II weaken his nobles? | by destroying their castles
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| What is parliament? | the English legislature that started out as a council meeting to represent each city.
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| When was the first Crusade? | 1095
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| Who launched the first Crusade? | Pope Urban II
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