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Medical Terminology for Health Professions Chapter 10 words activity

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Question
Answer
Acrophobia   An excessive fear of heights.  
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Alzheimer’s disease   A group of disorders associated with degenerative brain changes that lead to symptoms including progressive memory loss, impaired cognition, and personality changes.  
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amyotrophic lateral sclerosis   A degenerative disease of the motor nerve cells of the brain and spinal cord in which patients become progressively weaker until they are completely paralyzed, also known as Lou Gherig's disease.  
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Anesthetic   The medication used to induce anesthesia.  
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Anesthetist   A medical professional who specializes in administering anesthesia, but is not a physician.  
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anxiety disorders   Mental conditions characterized by excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations, or fear that is out of proportion to the real danger in a situation.  
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Autism   A group of conditions in which a young child has significant developmental delays, minimal verbal skills, and lacks normal social relationships.  
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Bell’s palsy   The temporary paralysis of the seventh cranial nerve that causes paralysis only of the affected side of the face.  
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carotid ultrasonography   An ultrasound study of the carotid artery.  
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Causalgia   Persistent, severe burning pain that usually follows an injury to a sensory nerve.  
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cerebral contusion   The bruising of brain tissue as the result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull.  
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cerebral palsy   A condition characterized by poor muscle control, spasticity, speech defects, and other neurologic deficiencies due to damage that affects the cerebrum.  
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cerebrovascular accident   Damage to the brain that occurs when the blood flow to the brain is disrupted by a blockage of the blood supply; also known as a stroke.  
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cervical radiculopathy   Nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region.  
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Claustrophobia   An abnormal fear of being in small or enclosed spaces.  
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Cognition   The mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory.  
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Coma   A deep state of unconsciousness marked by the absence of spontaneous eye movements, no response to painful stimuli, and the lack of speech.  
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Concussion   A violent shaking up or jarring of the brain.  
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cranial hematoma   A collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain.  
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Delirium   An acute condition of confusion, disorientation, disordered thinking and memory, agitation, and hallucinations.  
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delirium tremens   A disorder involving sudden and severe mental changes or seizures caused by abruptly stopping the use of alcohol.  
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Delusion   A false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary.  
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Dementia   A slowly progressive decline in mental abilities, including memory, thinking, and judgment, that is often accompanied by personality changes.  
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dura mater   The thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges.  
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Dyslexia   A learning disability characterized by substandard reading achievement due to the inability of the brain to process symbols.  
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Echoencephalography   The use of ultrasound imaging to create a detailed visual image of the brain for diagnostic purposes.  
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Electroencephalography   The process of recording the electrical activity of the brain through the use of electrodes attached to the scalp.  
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Encephalitis   An inflammation of the brain, can be caused by a viral infection such as rabies.  
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epidural anesthesia   Regional anesthesia produced by injecting medication into the epidural space of the lumbar or sacral region of the spine.  
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Epilepsy   A chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent episodes of seizures of varying severity.  
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factitious disorder   A condition in which an individual acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick.  
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Guillain-Barré syndrome   An inflammation of the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, characterized by rapidly worsening muscle weakness that can lead to temporary paralysis.  
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Hallucination   A sensory perception experienced in the absence of an external stimulation.  
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hemorrhagic stroke   Occurs when a blood vessel in the brain leaks.  
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Hydrocephalus   A condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain.  
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Hyperesthesia   A condition of abnormal and excessive sensitivity to touch, pain, or other sensory stimuli.  
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Hypochondriasis   Characterized by fearing that one has a serious illness despite appropriate medical evaluation and reassurance.  
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ischemic stroke   Occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked by the narrowing or blockage of a carotid artery.  
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Lethargy   A lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness, drowsiness, and apathy.  
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Meningitis   An inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord.  
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Meningocele   The congenital herniation of the meninges through a defect in the skull or spinal column.  
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migraine headache   Characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the head.  
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multiple sclerosis   A progressive autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation that causes demyelination of the myelin sheath.  
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Myelitis   An inflammation of the spinal cord.  
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Myelography   A radiographic study of the spinal cord after the injection of a contrast medium through a lumbar puncture.  
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Narcolepsy   A sleep disorder consisting of sudden and uncontrollable brief episodes of falling asleep during the day.  
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Neurotransmitters   Chemical substances that make it possible for messages to cross from the synapse of a neuron to the target receptor.  
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obsessive-compulsive disorder   An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts or impulses and/or recurrent unwanted impulses to act.  
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panic attack   An unexpected, sudden experience of fear in the absence of danger, accompanied by physical symptoms such as shortness of breath and dizziness.  
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Paresthesia   A burning or prickling sensation that is usually felt in the hands, arms, legs, or feet, but can also occur in other parts of the body.  
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Parkinson’s disease   A chronic, degenerative central nervous disorder characterized by fine muscle tremors, rigidity, and a slow or shuffling gait.  
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peripheral neuropathy   A disorder of the peripheral nerves that carry information to and from the brain and spinal cord.  
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post-traumatic stress disorder   The development of characteristic symptoms after a traumatic event during which the patient felt intense fear, helplessness, or horror.  
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Reye’s syndrome   A potentially serious or deadly disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting and confusion.  
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Schizophrenia   A psychotic disorder usually characterized by withdrawal from reality, illogical patterns of thinking, delusions, and hallucinations.  
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Sciatica   Inflammation of the sciatic nerve that results in pain, burning, and tingling along the course of the affected sciatic nerve through the thigh, leg, and foot.  
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Seizure   A sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain that affects how a person feels or acts for a short time.  
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shaken baby syndrome   The results of a child being violently shaken by someone. This action can cause brain injury, blindness, fractures, seizures, paralysis, and death.  
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Syncope   The brief loss of consciousness caused by the decreased flow of blood to the brain; also known as fainting.  
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trigeminal neuralgia   Characterized by severe lightning-like pain due to an inflammation of the fifth cranial nerve.  
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