HumanBody12
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| Thyroid glands | Produces calcitonin and thyroxine
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| simple goiter | Enlargement of thyroid
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| PTH | Increases blood calcium
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| Mineralocorticoids | Increases blood sodium and decreases body potassium
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| Luteinizing hormone | Ovulating hormone
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| Testerone | Masculinizing hormone
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| Thymosin (Thymus) | Development and function of immune system
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| Melatonin (Pineal) | Regulates the body's internal clock
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| Hyper-secretion | Oversecretion of hormones
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| GH (Anterior Pituitary) | Growth hormone
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| Hormones | chemical mechanism used in endocrine system
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| Endocrinology | study of endocrine system
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| Diabetes mellitus | insulin hypersecretion
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| Prostaglandins | tissue hormone
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| negative feedback | mechanism that reverses direction of change
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| Nonsteroid hormones | hormone synthesized primarily from amino acids
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| Tropic hormones | Tropic hormones: hormones that target other endocrine glands and stimulate their growth and secretion.
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| Sex hormones | hormones that target reproductive tissues.
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| Anabolic hormones | hormones that stimulate anabolism in target cells.
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| Nonsteroid hormones A | which must have cellular receptor proteins at the surface of the plasma membrane.
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| Nonsteroid hormones B | The interaction between nonsteroid hormones and receptor proteins activates a cascade of chemical reactions resulting in the target cell's response to the hormone.
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| Nonsteroid hormones C | Nonsteroid hormones have a quick response
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| Steroid hormones | lipid soluble and can pass directly through the cell membrane of the target cell to react with the receptors inside the cell.
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| Synergism: | this phenomenon occurs when combinations of hormones acting together have a greater effect on a target cell than the sum of the effects that each would have if acting alone.
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| Permissiveness: | this occurs when a small amount of one hormone allows a second one to have its full effects on a target cell.
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| Antagonism: | occurs when a small amount of one hormone produces the opposite effects of another hormone; used to "fine tune" the activity of target cells with great accuracy.
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| Steroid hormones B | are manufactured by endocrine cells from cholesterol.
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| Anabolic steroid | hormones are synthetic substances that are related to the male sex hormones
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| Anabolic steroid B | promote the release of the growth hormone, which stimulates growth, especially skeletal growth.
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| Adrenal Medulla | inner portion of AG secretes epinephrine and noepinephrine
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| Hypothalamus | secretes releasing hormones ADH and Oxytocin
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| Pineal Gland | secretes Melatonin
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| Tropic hormone | stimulates another endocrine gland to grow and secrete hormones
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| Oxytocin | stimulates contraction of uterine muscle
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| sella turcica | small depression of the sphenoid bone shaped like a saddle
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| Antidiuretic hormone (ADH): | prevents the formation of a large volume of urine, thereby helping the body to conserve water
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| Parathyroid hormone (PTH) | acts on bone and the kidneys
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| Pancreatic Islets Alpha cells | secrete the hormone glucagon, which raises the blood glucose levels.
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| Pancreatic Islets Beta cells | secrete the hormone insulin, which serves an antagonistic function to glucagon by lowering blood glucose levels.
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| ovaries secrete | ovaries secrete estrogen, the "feminizing hormone,"
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| corpus luteum secretes | progesterone, which assists with the preparation of the uterus for pregnancy.
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| testes produce | the male sex hormone testosterone
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| Thymosin | is a group of hormones produced by the thymus that play a significant role of the body's immune system
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| Melatonin | hormones that the pineal gland, is thought to be related to the body's internal clock and sleep cycle.
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| chorionic gonadotropins | are excreted in the urine. This tropic hormone is secreted by cells of the placenta, and its presence is detected by most pregnancy tests marketed today.
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