An Intro to the Human Body
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| Anatomy | To cut apart.
The science of body structures and relationships.
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| Physiology | Nature of the body.
The science of body functions. Structure/Functions.
If the structure changes, so will the function.
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| Levels of Structural Organization & Body Systems | 1) Chemical level
2) Cellular level
3)Tissue level
4)Organ level
5)System level
6)Organism level
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| What are the 11 Systems of the human body? | Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive
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| Components of Integumentary system... | Skin and associated structures (hair, fingernails, toenails, sweat glands, and oil glands)
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| Components of Skeletal system... | Bones, joints and associated cartilages.
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| Components of Muscular system... | Skeletal muscle (muscle used to attach to bones)
(other muscles include smooth and cardiac)
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| Components of Nervous system... | Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and special sense organs, such as eyes and ears.
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| Components of Endocrine system | Hormone producing glands (pineal gland, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thymus, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes)
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| Components in Cardiovascular system... | Blood, heart, and blood vessels.
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| Components in Lymphatic system and Immunity... | Lymphatic fluid and vessels; spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and tonsils.
Cells that carry out immune response (B cells, T cells, and others)
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| Components inf Respiratory system... | Lung, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchial tubes
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| Components of Digestive system... | Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and anus.
Also includes organs that assist in digestive process, such as salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.
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| Components of Urinary system... | Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.
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| Components of Reproductive system... | Gonads (testes and ovaries) and associated organs (uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, and penis.
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| Functions of Integumentary system... | Protect body Helps regulate body temp
Eliminates some wastes helps make Vit D
Detects sensations (touch, pain, warmth, cold)
Stores fat and provides insulation
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| Functions of Skeletal system... | Supports and protects body
Provides surface area for muscle attachments
Aids body movements
Houses cells that produce blood cells
Stores minerals and lipids (fats)
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| Functions of Muscular system... | Participates in body movements
Maintains posture
Produces heat
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| Functions of Nervous system... | Generates action potentials (nerve impulses) to regulate body activities
Detects and interprets changes in bodies internal and external environments
Responds by causing muscular contractions or glandular secretions
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| Functions of Endocrine system... | Regulates body activities by releasing hormones (chemical messengers transported in blood from endocrine gland or tissue to target organ)
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| Functions of Cardiovascular system... | Heart pumps blood through blood vessels;
Blood carries oxygen and nutrients to cells/carbon dioxide and wastes away from cells/helps regulate acid-base balance, temperature, and water content of body fluids; blood components help defend afainst disease
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| Functions of Lymphatic system... | Returns proteins and fluid to blood; carries lipids from gastrointestinal tract to blood; contains sites of maturation and proliferation of B cells and T cells that protect against disease-causing microbes.
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| Functions of Respiratory system... | Transfers oxygen from inhaled air to blood and carbon dioxide from blood to exhaled air; Helps regulate acid-base balance of body fluids; Air flowing out of lungs through vocal cords produces sounds.
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| Functions of Digestive system... | Physical and chemical breakdown of food
Absorbs nutrients
Eliminates solid wastes.
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| Functions of Urinary system... | Produces/Stores/Eliminates Urine
Eliminates wastes
Regulates chemical composition of blood
Helps maintain the acid-base balance of body fluids
Maintains body's mineral balance
Helps regulate production of red blood cells
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| Functions of Reproductive system... | Gonads produce gametes (sperm or oocytes) that unite to form a new organism
Gonads release hormones that regulate reproduction and other body processes
Associated organs transport and store gametes
Mammary glands produce milk
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| Noninvasive Diagnostic Techniques | Palpation
Auscultation
Percussion
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| Life processes in humans include... | Metabolism
Responsiveness
Movement
Growth
Differentiation
Reproduction
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| What is Homeostasis? and How is it maintained? | A condition of equilibrium, or balance, in the body's internal environment.
Regulatory processes
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| What is the purpose of Extracellular Fluid? | The survival of our body cells is dependent on the precise regulation of the chemical composition of their surrounding fluid.
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| What happens during Homeostatic Imbalance? | Disease, disorder, and even death may result
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Created by:
AbbyLynn127
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