Orientation and Tissues
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| Anatomy | study of structure of body and how the parts relate to each other
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| Physiology | study of function of body and its divided by system
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| 9 anatomical divisions of abdominal cavity from left down | Right hypochondriac, right lumbar, right iliac, epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric, left hypochondriac, left lumbar, left iliac
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| What are the functions of epithelial tissue? | Protection, absorption, secretion, and filtration
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| Know at least 1 location of each of the 8 types of epithelial tissue. | Simple squamous-lungs
simple cuboidal-kidneys
simple columnar-kidney
peseudostratified-trachea
stratified squamous-skin
stratified cuboidal-sweat
stratified columnar-conjunctiva
transitional-ureters
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| What are the special characteristics of epithelial tissue? | specialized contacts, polarity, basement membrane, regeneration, avascularity, cellularity
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| What are the three types of epithelial membrane? | mucous membrane, cutaneous membrane, and serous membrane
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| What is the difference between endocrine gland and exocrine gland? | Endocrine-ductless gland; glands secrete hormones into the extracellular space where they make their way into the bloodstream
exocrine-secrete product into ducts which open onto body surfaces or into body cavities
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| functional classification of glands | merocrine-secrete products by exocytosis
holocrine-product accumulates until cell ruptures and releases product
apocrine-product accumulates at apex of cell apex pinches off and product is releases cell repairs itself and process starts over
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| what are the 4 types of connective tissue? | connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone, and blood
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| what are the 5 functions of connective tissue? | binding, support, protection, insulation, transportation of blood
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| what are the 3 elements of connective tissue? | ground substance, fibers, and cells
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| what are the 3 types of fibers found in connective tissue? | collagen; made of collagen protein, it is tough and provides high tensile strength
elastic; made up of elastin protein, it stretches and recoils; it snaps connective tissue back to normal length
Reticular; made up of fine collagenous fibers
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| 10 types of cells found in connective tissue? | fibroblast, fibrocyte, chondroblast, chondrocyte, osteoblast, osteocyte, hemocytoblast, hemocytocyte, macrophages, and mast cells
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| what are the 3 types of loose connective tissue? | areolar
adipose
reticular
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| what are the 3 types of dense connective tissue? | dense regular
dense irregular
elastic
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| what are the 3 types of cartilage? Name at least 1 location of each | hyaline-ends of bone
fibrocartilage-discs of knee
elastic cartilage- ear
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| what is the difference between the inflammatory response and the immune response? | inflammatory-nonspecific; happens when tissues are injured
immune-specific; cells mount attack against invaders
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| steps in tissue repair | 1) capillaries dilate and become very permeable
2) forms clot
3) Organization- clot is replaced by granulation tissue
4) regeneration of surface epithelium- inbetween scab and granulation tissue
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| what is a zygote? | fertilized egg
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| what is a blastula? | hollow ball of cells
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| what is the blastopore? | blastula invaginate at a point known as:
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| what is the gastrula? | invagination causes a new layer of tissue to be formed within blastula
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| what are the 3 primary germ layers called? | ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
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| which primary germ layers give rise to connective tissue? To epithelial tissue? | connective tissue-mesoderm
epithelial tissue- all 3 layers
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