More information to review for prepare for certification exam.
Help!
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| Required on EVERY specimen label | 1. Name, 2. DOB or MRN (medical record number), 3. Date, 4. Time (military), 5 Phlebotomist's Initials
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| Items on your tray | Gauze, alcohol wipes, tubes, band-aids or tape, device (syringe, butterfly, vacutainer) tournquet
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| Purpose of a tourniquet | makes vein easier to feel. Constict venous flow out not arterial in
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| How long can a tourniquet be left on | 1 min max!
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| If the tourniquet is left on longer than 1 min | hemoconcentration
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| Where should the tourniquet be place in relation to the intended site of puncture? | 3-4 inches above
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| Desired veins to choose from | Median cubital - center of bend in arm, Cephalic vein - thumb side, Basilic - pinky side - median nerve and brachial artery - not drawn in class
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| Evacuated tubes containing an anticoagulant additive must be gently mixed to | prevent blood from clotting
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| Characteristics of veins | carry deoxygenated blood, have valves (the blood is NOT under pressure) Within the vein muscle facilitate the movement of blood and valves prevent backflow
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| A butterfly needle is used for | drawing from fragile veins, drawing small veins, drawing from veins in the hand (used for more control)
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| Proper procedure when cleansing a venipuncture site is | rub the site with alcohol in an outward, spiraling motion and allow 30-60 seconds to dry before the puncture.
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| What angle should a needle be inserted at | 15-30 degrees
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| In order to prevent mislabeling, the tubes are labeled | after blood is drawn and patient is still present
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| Chemical used to clean human skin by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms | antiseptic
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| Components of the chain of infection | Pathogen, Reservoir, Portal of Exit, Mode of Transmission, Portal of Entry, Susceptible Host
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| 3 ways to get a blood sample | capillary, venipuncture, arterial
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| What things are important in vein selection? | size, depth, direction
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| Fibrinogen | A blood clotting factor
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| Serum | Blood specimen that does not contain an anticoagulant
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| Antecubital | Near the bend of the elbow
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| Hemolysis | Rupture or lysis of the blood cells
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| Median Cubital Vein | Best vein to use for venipuncture
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| Arteries | Vessels that carry blood away from the heart
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| Basilic Vein | Alternate vein to use for venipuncture. Last choice when no other vein is available.
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| Veins | Branching vessels that flow back to the heart.
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| Anticoagulant | Substance introduces in to the blood or a blood specimen to keep it from clotting.
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| Tourniquet | A soft rubber strip used on the arm to help find a venipuncture site.
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| Hemostasis | Blood-clotting process in the body
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| Plasma | Blood specimen that does contain an anticoagulant
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| Saphenous vein | The longest vessel in the body
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| Hematoma | Leakage of blood into surrounding tissue
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| Capillary | Contains a mixture of arterial and venous blood
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| Citrates | Type of anticoagulant additive for blood collection tubes, prevents the blood clotting sequence by removing calcium and forming calcium salts
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| Gauge Number | Refers to the size (diameter) of the internal bore (opening) of a needle
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| Glycolytic inhibitor | An additive used in collection tubes that prevents glycolysis
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| Heparin | An anticoagulant that prevents blood clotting by inactivating thrombin and thromboplastin, the blood-clotting chemicals in the body
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| Syncope | The transient (and frequently sudden) loss of consciousness due to the lack of oxygen to the brain (fainting) and resulting in the inability to stay in an upright position
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| Blood infection | blood culture
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| PT | Light Blue Top
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| Prothrombin Time | Light Blue Top
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| PTT | Light Blue Top
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| Partial Thromboplastin Time | Light Blue Top
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| Fibrinogin | Light Blue Top
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| Factor 8 | Light Blue Top
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| Sodium | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Potassium | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Thyroid Panel | Tiger Top/ SST
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| T3 | Tiger Top/ SST
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| T4 | Tiger Top/ SST
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| T7 | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Liver Panel | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Liver Profile | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Cholesterol | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Chem 6 | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Chem 12 | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Chem 20 | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Vitamin C | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Vitamin E | Tiger Top/ SST
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| electrolytes | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Bilirubin | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Dilantin blood levels | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Digoxin Blood levels | Tiger Top/ SST
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| ASA blood levels | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Tylenol blood levels | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Lithium blood levels | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Phenobarbital blood levels | Tiger Top/ SST
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| Serology testing | Red Top
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| Mono Spot | Red Top
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| Epstein Barr Virus | Red Top
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| Lymes | Red Top
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| Rabies | Red Top
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| HAV | Red Top
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| HBV | Red Top
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| HCV | Red Top
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| HDV | Red Top
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| HEV | Red Top
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| Measles | Red Top
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| Mumps | Red Top
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| Rubella | Red Top
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| MMR | Red Top
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| Varicella | Red Top
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| Chicken Pox | Red Top
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| HIV | Red Top
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| Herpes | Red Top
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| HSV | Red Top
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| Syphilis | Red Top
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| RPR | Red Top
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| VdRL | Red Top
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| serum hCG | Red Top
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| Pregnancy test | Red Top
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| Ammonia | Green Top
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| Blood pH | Green Top
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| Cortisol | Green Top
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| Chromosome analysis | Green Top
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| toxicology testing | Dark Blue Top
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| Marijuana | Dark Blue Top
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| Cocaine | Dark Blue Top
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| LSD | Dark Blue Top
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| Amphetamines | Dark Blue Top
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| Arsenic | Dark Blue Top
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| Aluminum | Dark Blue Top
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| Chromium | Dark Blue Top
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| Copper | Dark Blue Top
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| Iron | Dark Blue Top
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| Mercury | Dark Blue Top
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| Nickel | Dark Blue Top
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| Selenium | Dark Blue Top
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| Zinc | Dark Blue Top
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| Lead | Dark Blue Top
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| CBC | Lavender Top
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| Complete Blood Count | Lavender Top
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| WBC count | Lavender Top
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| Hematocrit | Lavender Top
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| Hemoglobin | Lavender Top
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| ESR | Lavender Top
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| Sed Rate | Lavender Top
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| reticulocyte | Lavender Top
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| T-cell count | Lavender Top
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| TxC | Pink Top
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| Type and Cross | Pink Top
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| packed RBC's | Pink Top
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| Rh Blood Banking | Pink Top
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| DNA testing | White Top
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| Blood Glucose | Grey Top
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| FBS | Grey Top
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| GTT | Grey Top
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| Fasting Blood Sugar | Grey Top
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| Glucose Tolerance Test | Grey Top
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| ETOH | Grey Top
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| Blood Alcohol | Grey Top
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