WTHS A&P final review
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| list increasing levels of organization and complexity in living organisms: | Atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell
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| All of the chemical reactions in the body that break down and build up substances | metabolism
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| Maintaining internal conditions in the body within a certain range | homeostasis
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| What is the difference between positive and negative feedback | Positive: body moves further and further away from homeostasis which is unstable
Negative: body stops further release of a product once desired levels are reached so homeostasis is maintained
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| Which body system filters wastes from the blood and maintains fluid and electrolyte balances? | urinary
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| The structure of a body part is closely related to its: | Function
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| A cell has three basic parts. They are the: | Cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm
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| Three functions of the cell membrane are: | Enabling the cell to communicate, controlling what substances enter and leave the cell, and helping cells attach to other cells.
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| If the concentration of glucose in the blood outside of a cell is hypertonic (more glucose in the blood than in the cell) then water will move: | out of the cell into the blood
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| Which cellular transport processes require the greatest expenditure of cellular energy? | Active transport
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| Specialized structures within cells are known as: | organelles
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| What are the four basic types of body tissues? | Connective, epithelial, muscle, nervous
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| Blood is a type of _____________ tissue. | connective
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| The muscle tissue/s that cannot be consciously (voluntarily) controlled is: | Cardiac muscle tissue and smooth muscle tissue
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| Smooth muscle is found in the wall of the | intestines, stomach, arteries, etc.
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| The type of tissue that is primarily responsible for storing fat is | adipose
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| two or more tissues grouped together that function together | organ
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| skin, nails, hair follicles, and integumentary glands are part of the: | integumentary system
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| slow water loss from deeper tissues, excrete wastes, regulate body temperature, and synthesize vitamin D are functions of: | skin
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| characteristic/s of the person most likely to develop a cutaneous carcinoma? | Over age 40, works/plays outdoors, light complexion
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| What is a normal homeostatic response to losing too much body heat on a cold day? | dermal blood vessels in the extremities constrict, . skeletal muscles contract involuntarily
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| The order of the three layers of skin moving from superficial to deep are: | Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous
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| Identify bones in the lower limbs | Femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
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| Identify bones in the upper limbs | clavicle, scapula, humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals
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| What are the functions of bone? | protect soft tissues, house blood-producing cells, store inorganic salts, provide attachments for muscle
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| The order of the vertebra from superior to inferior is | Cervical, thoracic, lumbar
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| What are the bones of the axial skeleton? | Skull, hyoid, vertebral column, ribs, sternum
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| The sliding filament theory explains: | How muscles contract
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| maintain tone for posture, heart beat, move body parts, and produce heat are the functions of: | muscle
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| Deltoid, biceps, and triceps are: | upper limb muscles
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| Gluteus maximus, quadriceps group, hamstring group, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius are: | lower limb muscles
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| Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, rectus abdominus, and trapezius are: | axial muscles
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| The functional connection between two neurons is known as a: | synapse
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| The CNS consists of the | brain and spinal cord
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| A nerve impulse consists of a wave of__________________ potentials moving along the axon of a neuron. | action
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| The interconnected fluid-filled cavities in the brain are called: | ventricles
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| The control center for regulation of vital functions such a breathing and blood pressure are located in the: | brainstem
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| Problem solving, reasoning, and voluntary movement are controlled by the _________ lobe. | frontal
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| Vision is interpreted in the brain by the ________ lobe. | occipital
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| Hearing is processed in the ___________ lobe. | temporal
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| nearsighted (poor distant vision, better near vision) | myopia
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| far sighted (poor close vision, better far vision) | hypermetropia
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| brain’s natural pain control chemicals | endorphins
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| Pain that feels like it is coming from a different area than the source of the problem | referred pain
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| The auditory tube connects the throat with the | middle ear
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| are associated with dynamic equilibrium | semicircular canals
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| useful in dim light and night vision, movement | rods
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| useful in color vision, day vision | cones
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| Hormone concentrations are regulated by | negative feedback
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| Secretion of pituitary hormones is largely controlled by the | hypothalamus
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| Thyroid hormones T3 and T4 regulate | metabolism
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| Decrease in blood glucose, cells let glucose enter, pancreas stores glucose as glycogen are caused by | insulin
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| Increased urination, increased thirst, dehydration, increased levels of glucose in the urine, fatigue are early signs of | Diabetes Mellitus
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| Type I (juvenile) Diabetes Mellitus is caused by: | Immune system disorder
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