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WTHS A&P Final
WTHS A&P final review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| list increasing levels of organization and complexity in living organisms: | Atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell |
| All of the chemical reactions in the body that break down and build up substances | metabolism |
| Maintaining internal conditions in the body within a certain range | homeostasis |
| What is the difference between positive and negative feedback | Positive: body moves further and further away from homeostasis which is unstable Negative: body stops further release of a product once desired levels are reached so homeostasis is maintained |
| Which body system filters wastes from the blood and maintains fluid and electrolyte balances? | urinary |
| The structure of a body part is closely related to its: | Function |
| A cell has three basic parts. They are the: | Cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm |
| Three functions of the cell membrane are: | Enabling the cell to communicate, controlling what substances enter and leave the cell, and helping cells attach to other cells. |
| If the concentration of glucose in the blood outside of a cell is hypertonic (more glucose in the blood than in the cell) then water will move: | out of the cell into the blood |
| Which cellular transport processes require the greatest expenditure of cellular energy? | Active transport |
| Specialized structures within cells are known as: | organelles |
| What are the four basic types of body tissues? | Connective, epithelial, muscle, nervous |
| Blood is a type of _____________ tissue. | connective |
| The muscle tissue/s that cannot be consciously (voluntarily) controlled is: | Cardiac muscle tissue and smooth muscle tissue |
| Smooth muscle is found in the wall of the | intestines, stomach, arteries, etc. |
| The type of tissue that is primarily responsible for storing fat is | adipose |
| two or more tissues grouped together that function together | organ |
| skin, nails, hair follicles, and integumentary glands are part of the: | integumentary system |
| slow water loss from deeper tissues, excrete wastes, regulate body temperature, and synthesize vitamin D are functions of: | skin |
| characteristic/s of the person most likely to develop a cutaneous carcinoma? | Over age 40, works/plays outdoors, light complexion |
| What is a normal homeostatic response to losing too much body heat on a cold day? | dermal blood vessels in the extremities constrict, . skeletal muscles contract involuntarily |
| The order of the three layers of skin moving from superficial to deep are: | Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous |
| Identify bones in the lower limbs | Femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges |
| Identify bones in the upper limbs | clavicle, scapula, humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals |
| What are the functions of bone? | protect soft tissues, house blood-producing cells, store inorganic salts, provide attachments for muscle |
| The order of the vertebra from superior to inferior is | Cervical, thoracic, lumbar |
| What are the bones of the axial skeleton? | Skull, hyoid, vertebral column, ribs, sternum |
| The sliding filament theory explains: | How muscles contract |
| maintain tone for posture, heart beat, move body parts, and produce heat are the functions of: | muscle |
| Deltoid, biceps, and triceps are: | upper limb muscles |
| Gluteus maximus, quadriceps group, hamstring group, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius are: | lower limb muscles |
| Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, rectus abdominus, and trapezius are: | axial muscles |
| The functional connection between two neurons is known as a: | synapse |
| The CNS consists of the | brain and spinal cord |
| A nerve impulse consists of a wave of__________________ potentials moving along the axon of a neuron. | action |
| The interconnected fluid-filled cavities in the brain are called: | ventricles |
| The control center for regulation of vital functions such a breathing and blood pressure are located in the: | brainstem |
| Problem solving, reasoning, and voluntary movement are controlled by the _________ lobe. | frontal |
| Vision is interpreted in the brain by the ________ lobe. | occipital |
| Hearing is processed in the ___________ lobe. | temporal |
| nearsighted (poor distant vision, better near vision) | myopia |
| far sighted (poor close vision, better far vision) | hypermetropia |
| brain’s natural pain control chemicals | endorphins |
| Pain that feels like it is coming from a different area than the source of the problem | referred pain |
| The auditory tube connects the throat with the | middle ear |
| are associated with dynamic equilibrium | semicircular canals |
| useful in dim light and night vision, movement | rods |
| useful in color vision, day vision | cones |
| Hormone concentrations are regulated by | negative feedback |
| Secretion of pituitary hormones is largely controlled by the | hypothalamus |
| Thyroid hormones T3 and T4 regulate | metabolism |
| Decrease in blood glucose, cells let glucose enter, pancreas stores glucose as glycogen are caused by | insulin |
| Increased urination, increased thirst, dehydration, increased levels of glucose in the urine, fatigue are early signs of | Diabetes Mellitus |
| Type I (juvenile) Diabetes Mellitus is caused by: | Immune system disorder |
Created by:
mrsrichardson
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