Lymphatic & Immune Systems
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| drains excess fluid from body | lymphatic system
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| main structures of the lymphatic system | lymphatic vessels
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| main components of the immune system | lymphocytes, lymphoid tissue, lymphoid organs
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| excess fluid | lymph
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| _____ _____ collect lymph from loose connective tissue | lymphatic vessels
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| lymphatic vessels carry fluid to great veins in the ____ | neck
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| lymph flows only ____ the heart | toward
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| order of lymphatic vessels | 1. lymph capillaries
2. lymphatic collecting vessels
3. lymph nodes
4. lymph trunks
5. lymph ducts
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| smallest lymphatic vessels & first receive lymph | lymph capillaries
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| collect from lymph capillaries | lymphatic collecting vessels
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| scattered along lymphatic collecting vessels | lymph nodes
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| collect lymph from collecting vessels | lymph trunks
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| lymphatic vessels that empty into the veins of the neck | lymph ducts
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| function of lymphatic vessels | collect excess tissue fluid & blood proteins; return tissue fluid & blood proteins to bloodstream
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| lymph capillaries have _____ permeability | high
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| lymph capillaries have ______ volume of tissue fluid | increased
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| lymph capillaries are located near ____ ____ | blood capillaries
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| fatty lymph | chyle
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| specialized lymphatic capillaries | lacteals
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| lymphatic collecting vessels accompany ____ ____ | blood vessels
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| lymphatic collecting vessels have 3 ____ | tunics (just like blood vessels)
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| lymphatic collecting vessels contain ____ valves | more
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| lymph is propelled by... | 1. bulging of skeletal muscles
2. pulsing of nearby arteries
3. tunica media of the lymph vessels
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| Which tunic helps propel lymph? | tunica media
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| cleanse the lymph of pathogens | lymph nodes
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| the human body contains approximately ___ lymph nodes | 500
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| lymph nodes are organized in _____ | clusters
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| lymph nodes are located along ____ ____ | lymphatic vessels
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| lymphatic collecting vessels converge to form ____ ____ | lymph trunks
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| receive lymph from lower limbs | lumbar trunks
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| receive chyle from digestive organs | intestinal trunk
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| collects lymph from thoracic viscera | bronchomediastinal trunks
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| receive lymph from upper limbs & thoracic wall | subclavian trunks
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| drain lymph from the head & neck | jugular trunks
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| how many lumbar trunks? | 2
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| how many intestinal trunks? | 1
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| how many bronchomedistinal trunks? | 2
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| how many subclavian trunks? | 2
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| how many jugular trunks? | 2
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| lymph duct located at the union of the lumbar & intestinal trunks | cisterna chyli
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| lymph duct that ascends along vertebral bodies | thoracic duct
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| lymph duct that empties into venous circulation | thoracic duct
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| lymph duct that drains 75% of the body | thoracic duct
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| lymph duct at the junction of left internal jugular & left subclavian veins | thoracic duct
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| largest lymph duct | thoracic duct
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| lymph duct that everyone has | thoracic duct
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| recognizes specific foreign molecules, destroys pathogens effectively, and includes lymphoid tissue & organs | immune system
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| key cells in immune system | lymphocytes
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| infectious organisms are attacked by ____ response | inflammatory
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| become plasma cells & secrete antibodies | B lymphocytes
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| destroy antigen-bearing cells | cytotoxic T lymphocytes
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| where are lymphocytes located? | in blood & lymphatic system (in the plasma)
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| lymphocytes originate in the ___ bone marrow | red
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| T lymphocytes travel to & mature in the ____ _____ | thymus gland
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| B lymphocytes mature in the ____ ____ | bone marrow
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| B & T lymphocytes are activated by a(n) _____ _____ | antigenic encounter
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| short-lived lymphocytes that attack immediately | effector lymphocytes
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| lymphocytes that wait until the body encounters their antigen attack | memory lymphocytes
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| basis of acquired immunity | memory lymphocytes
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| most important tissue of the immune system | lymphoid tissue
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| two general locations of lymphoid tissue | mucous membranes of digestive, urinary, respiratory & reproductive tracts & lymphoid organs
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| mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue | MALT
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| MALT | mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
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| designed to gather & destroy infectious microorganisms | lymphoid organs
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| 5 lymphoid organs | 1. tonsils
2. thymus
3. spleen
4. aggregated lymphoid nodules
5. appendix
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| secretes thymic hormones | thymus
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| location of T lymphocyte maturation | thymus
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| most antigenic challenges occur in ____ ____ | lymph nodes
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| largest lymphoid organ | spleen
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| removes blood-borne antigens (white pulp) and removes & destroys old/defective blood cells (red pulp) | spleen
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| site of hematopoiesis in the fetus | spleen
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| blood cell formation | hematopoiesis
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| simplest lymphoid organs | tonsils
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| 4 groups of tonsils | 1. palatine
2. lingual
3. pharyngeal
4. tubal
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| tonsils are arranged in a ____ to gather & remove pathogens | ring
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| underlying lamina propria consists of ____ | MALT
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| the largest tonsils | palatine
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| tonsils most often infected in childhood | palatine
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| abundant in the walls of intestines | MALT
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| generate a wide variety of memory lymphocytes | aggregated lymphoid nodules & appendix
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| Peyer's patches | aggregated lymphoid nodules
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| located in the distal part of the small intestine | Peyer's patches
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| tubular offshoot of the cecum | appendix
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Created by:
leahmurphy
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