Vital Signs Review- Rev. Defs
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| telemetry unit | "step down" from ICU
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| crash cart | A cart carrying the supplies need for immediate treatment of a heart attack
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| congestive heart failure (CHF) | A condition in which a weakened heart is unable to pump all of the blood out of the lungs each time it beats. Blood pools at the bottom of the lungs, interfering with breathing
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| stethoscope | A device that amplifies sound, used by doctors and other health-care professionals to listen to the heart and to take blood pressure
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| endotracheal tube | A device that is inserted into the airway of a client about to receive a general anesthetic
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| sphygmomanometer | A device used to take blood pressure
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| emphysema | A disease characterized by gradual destruction of the alveoli; which diffuse to form larger air spaces. Exchange of O2 and CO2 through these larger air sacs is inadequate
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| asthma | A disease that affects the air passages in the lung, causing wheezing and shortness of breath
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| atrial fibrillation (AF) | An abnormality of heart rhythm in which chambers of the heart no longer beat in synchrony, with the atrium beating much faster than the ventricles. The heart rate is fast and irregular
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| pneumonia | An acute infection of the tissues of the lung
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| tracheostomy | An artificial airway through an incision in the trachea
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| height and weight | Anthropometric measurements
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| chronic obstructive lung disease/ chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COLD/COPD) | Any chronic lung condition in which the flow of expired air is slowed down
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| suctioning | Applying negative pressure to remove mucus, phlegm and other secretions from airways
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| atherosclerosis | Arteriosclerosis because of fat in atrial walls
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| physiotherapist | Assesses patients, devise deep breathing exercises
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| arterial blood gases (ABGs) | Assessment done on a client to determine the amounts of O2 and CO2 dissolved in the blood
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| sputum specimen | Consist of mucous secretion, not saliva, from the airways, lungs or throat
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| cerebrovascular accident | Damage to the brain that occurs when the blood supply to an area of the brain is diminished or occluded completely
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| myocardial infarct (MI) | Damage to the heart caused by a blockage in one of the coronary arteries, cutting off blood supply to a part of the heart
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| dyspnea | Difficulty breathing
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| pacemaker | Electronic device that regulates the heartbeat
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| hypertension/ high blood pressure | Excessive force of the blood against the vessel walls as the heart pumps it through the body
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| bradycardia | Extremely slow heartbeat
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| oxygen therapy | For clients who, for any reason do not have enough oxygen in their blood
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| arteriosclerosis | Hardening of the arteries; reduces blood flow
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| temperature | Heat is produced by the body as it uses the food needed to maintain normal body functions
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| vital signs | Important measurements of the body's state of health
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| hypoxia | Insufficient oxygen in blood or tissue
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| deep suctioning | Introducing the suction catheter into the lower trachea and bronchi; AKA endotracheal suctioning
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| hemorrhage | Loss of a large amount of blood
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| arrhythmia | Loss of normal rhythm of the heartbeat
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| pulse oximetry | Method used by nurses and respiratory therapists to determine oxygen levels in red blood cells in the arterial blood
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| rhonchi/ wheezes | Musical-pitched sounds produced by air passing through narrowed bronchi, heard on auscultation of the lungs
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| "call the arrest" | Notify the appropriate people
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| respiration | One full cycle of breathing
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| postural drainage | Positioning the client with the head lower than the body so that gravity can help drain the mucus and secretions
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| thoracocentesis | Procedure to remove fluid from the space between the lining of the outside of the lungs and the wall of the chest
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| nurse | Provide ongoing assessment and feedback about a client's oxygenation status
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| vibrations | Rapid movements of flattened hands over the client's chest to move secretions
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| extubate | Remove the endotracheal tube
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| inhalation therapy | Selected medications to be delivered by a mask to the client, often to treat asthma
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| crackles/ crepitation | Sounds produced by air passing over airway secretions
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| endotracheal/ deep suctioning | Type of deep suctioning
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| oropharyngeal suctioning | Suctioning with a catheter through the mouth to reach the mouth only or the mouth and the back of the throat
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| nasopharyngeal suctioning | Suctioning with a catheter through the nose to reach the mouth and throat
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| essential hypertension | The cause of the increased pressure is idiopathic
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| blood pressure | The force that the blood exerts on the arterial walls
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| diastolic pressure | The pressure of the vascular walls when the heart is relaxing
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| systolic pressure | The pressure on the vascular walls when the heart is contracting
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| secondary hypertension | The symptoms are always associated with disease, such as glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, or diseases of the adrenal glands
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| telemetry monitor | Traces heart's activity, readout displayed on small screen
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| humidifiers | Used for clients who are experiencing respiratory difficulties
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| clapping/ percussion | Using cupped hands to gently but firmly strike affected regions of the chest to move secretions
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| pulse | When the heart contracts it forces blood throughout the body by way of blood vessels
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