muscles
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| contractility | the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force
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| excitability | the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus
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| extensibility | the ability to be stretched
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| fascia | connective tissue located outside the epimysium
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| fibers | single muscle cells
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| myofibrils | a threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other
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| motor neurons | nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers
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| acetylcholine | diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to the postsynaptic terminal
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| muscle twitch | a contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus
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| 10 threshold | the muscle fiber will contract maximally
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| lag phase | time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction
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| contraction phase | time of the contraction
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| ATP | needed for energy for muscle contraction
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| ADP | plus phosphate
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| isometric | the length of the muscle does not change
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| isotonic | the amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction
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| origin | most stationary end of the muscle
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| insertion | end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement
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| belly | muscle between the origin and insertion
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| 20 synergists | muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements
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| antagonists | muscles that work in opposition to one another
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| prime mover | one muscle play the major role in accomplishing the desired movement
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| sarcomere | extends from one Z-line to another
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| motor unit | a single motor neuron and all the sketeal muscle fibers it innervates
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| action potential | the brief reversal back of the charge
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| A band | extends the length of myosin
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| H zone | light area in the center of each sarcomere
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| elasticity | ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched
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| epimysium | connective tissue sheath
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| 30 perimysium | loose connective tissue
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| synaptic cleft | space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell
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| tetany | muscle remains contracted without relaxing
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| recruitment | increase in number of motor units being activated
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| relaxation phase | time during the which the muscle relaxes
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| Z line | an attachment site for actin
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| oxygen debt | amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose
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| muscle fatigue | results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster then it is made
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| muscle tone | constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time
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| endomysium | loose connective tissue surrounding fibers
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| 40 actin myofilaments | thin
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| myosin myofilaments | thic
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| frontalis | covers the frontal bone
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| orbicularis oculi | fibers that run in circles around the eyes
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| buccinator | runs horizontally across the cheek
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| masseter | covers the angle of the lower jaw
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| temporalis | fan-shapped muscle overlying the temporal bone
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| platysma | a single sheetlike muscle that covers the anterolateral neck
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| rectus abdominis | the most superficial muscles of the abdomen
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| external oblique | make up the lateral walls of the abdomen
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| 50 internal oblique | deep to the external obliques
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| trapezius | most superficial muscles of the posterior neck and upper trunk
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| deltoid | fleshy, triangle-shaped muscles that form the rounded shape of your shoulders
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| biceps brachii | bulges when the elbow is flexed
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| brachialis | lies deep to the biceps muscle
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| gluteus maximus | superficial muscle of the hip that forms the buttock
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| gluteus medius | runs from the ilium to the femur
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| sartorius | thin, straplike
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| levator labii superioris | sneering
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| depressor anguli oris | frowning
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| 60 intrinsic tongue muscles | change the shape of the tongue
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| extrinsic tongue muscles | move the tongue
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| sternocleidomastoid | lateral neck muscle and prime mover
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| external intercostals | elevate the ribs during inspiration
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| internal intercostals | contract during forced expiration
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| diaphragm | accomplishes quiet breathing
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| flexor carpi | flexes the wrist
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| extensor carpi | extends the wrist
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| flexor digitorum | flexes the fingers
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| extensor digitorum | extends the fingers
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| 70 gluteus maximus | butt
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| quadriceps femoris | extends the leg
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| sartorius | flexes the thigh
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| hamstring muscle | flexes the leg and extends the thigh
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| gastrocnemius and solues | form the calf muscle
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| erector spinae | keeps the back straight and body erect
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Created by:
ashley fischer
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