Chapter 10 Glossary
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| Anastomosis | Joining of two or more blood vessels.
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| Angiography | Radiographic visualization of blood vessels following introduction of contrast material.
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| Angioplasty | Procedure to open narrow or blocked vessels.
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| Antegrade | Moving or extending anteriorly, moving with usual direction of flow.
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| Arrhythmia | Irregularity of heart rate or rhythm, loss of rhythm.
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| Arteriosclerosis | Hardening of the arteries.
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| Atherectomy | Procedure to remove plaque from arteries.
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| Atherosclerosis | Build up of plaque on artery walls.
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| Atria | Upper chambers of the heart; right atrium, left atrium.
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| Atrioventricular (AV) | Relating to both the atria and the ventricles of the heart.
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| Bifurcation | Division into two branches.
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| Bundle of His (AV Bundle) | Muscle fibers in the heart's conduction system branching off the right and left sides of the heart.
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| Capillaries | Smallest branches and arteries and veins.
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| Cardioversion | Use of defibrillator paddles to restore normal rhythm of the heart by electrical shock.
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| Chordae Tendineae | String-like tendons linking papillary muscles to the tricuspid valve in the right ventricle and the mitral valve in the left ventricle.
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| Conduction System | Generates and distributes electrical impulses over the heart and along the septum to stimulate contraction, allowing blood to move through the body.
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| Contralateral | Situated on, pertaining to, or affecting the opposite side, as opposed to the ipsilateral.
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| Coronary Circulation | Movement of blood through coronary vessels supplying tissues of the heart.
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| Endocarditis | Inflammation of infection of the inner lining of the heart (endocardium).
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| Epicardial | Relating to the outermost (on top) layer of the heart wall.
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| Implantable Defibrillator | Implantable device delivering an electrical shock to restore a normal heart rhythm.
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| Infarction | Death of Tissue
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| Intracoronary | Within the heart.
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| Ipsilateral | Situated on, pertaining to, or affecting the same side as opposed to contralateral.
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| Myocardial | Relating to the Myocardium (second layer of the wall of the heart).
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| Nonselective Catheterization | Catheter placed in the main trunk, contrast may be injected, images may be taken, the catheter is not moved into any other branches.
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| Non-Tunneled Catheter | A catheter inserted through the skin directly into a great vessel.
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| Occlusion | Closure; the act of closing.
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| Papillary Muscles | Muscles attached to the lower portion of interior wall of the ventricles and connected to chordae tendinae.
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| Prolapse | Sinking of an organ or other part.
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| Pulmonary Circulation | Movement of blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart again.
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| Purkinje Fibers | Conduction myofibers branching off of the right and left branches into cells of the myocardium.
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| Regurgitation | Flowing backwards
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| Retrograde | Moving backward or against the usual direction of flow.
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| Revascularization | Reestablishment of blood supply to a part.
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| Selective Catheterization | Catheter placed in branches further off the main trunk (first, second, third, or higher order).
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| Sinoartrial | Refers to the sinus of the venae cavae of the mature heart, and the right atrium.
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| Stenosis | Narrowing, stricture
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| Subendocardial | Under or below the endocardium.
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| Syncope | Loss of consciousness and postural tone.
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| Systemic Circulation | Supplies nourishment to tissue located throughout the body, with exception of the heart and lungs.
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| Thrombolysis | Destruction of a blood clot.
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| Transluminal | Through or across the lumen (tube) of an artery or vein.
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| Transvenous | Through or across a vein.
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| Trifurcation | Division into three branches or parts.
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| Tunneled Catheter | Catheter tunneled through the skin and subcutaneous tissue to a central vessel. The entrance point of the catheter is distant from the entrance to the vascular system.
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| Valvular Prolapse | Valve leaflets fall backward into the heart chamber.
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| Valvulooplasty | Surgical reconstruction of a valve.
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| Ventricle | Lower chamber of the heart; right ventricle, left ventricle.
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