chapter 27
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Third reich | The third great empire established by Adolf Hitler in the 1930's
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| Reichstag fire | Excuse Hitler used to blame the communists in order to start attack on communists
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| Great Depression | A world wide economic struggle from 1929-1933, unique in its severity and duration and with slow and uneven recovery.
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| Night of long knives | Purge of Nazi leaders by Adolf Hitler. Fearing that the paramilitary SA had become too powerful, Hitler ordered his elite SS guards to murder the organization's leader.
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| S.S. | German military force
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| Heinrich Himmler | German Nazi who was chief of the SS and the Gestapo and who oversaw the genocide of six million Jews (1900-1945)
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| Lebensraum | Hitlers expansionist theory based on a drive to find "living space" for the German people
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| Gestapo | The official secret police of Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe.
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| Hitler Youth | An organization established in 1933 to train German boys according to the ideas and principles of the Nazi Party.
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| Nuremberg Laws | were anti-Jewish statutes enacted by Germany on September 15, 1935.
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| Kristallnacht | a Nazi pogrom throughout Germany and Austria on the night of November 9–10, 1938, during which Jews were killed and their property destroyed.
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| Holocaust,"Final Solution" | A term applied by Nazis to the genocide of European Jews during World War II.
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| Weimar Republic | The German republic that existed from 1919 to Hitlers accession to power in 1933.
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| Nazism | A set of political beliefs associated with the Nazi party of Germany from 1920 up to 1945
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| Collectivization | was enforced under Stalin between 1928 and 1940. The goal of this policy was to consolidate individual land and labour into collective farms
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| Five-year plans | A series of nationwide economic descisions in the Soviet Union
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| Kulaks | A category of affluent farmers
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| purges | an abrupt or violent removal of a group of people from an organization or place.
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| Benito Mussolini, Il Duce | Italian Politician which was also Prime Minister (1922-1943) who lead the National Fascist Party.
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| Fascist Party | Lead by Mussolini, declared war on socialism because it opposed nationalism.
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| "Black Shirts" | Private Fascist group lead by Mussolini which wore a distinctive uniform color and wrecked anything that had to do with socialism like newspapers and union halls.
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| March on Rome | March led by Benito Mussolini as propaganda for popularity which led to him taking power from King Victor Emmanuel II.
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| Aryan race | a racial grouping commonly used in the period of the late 19th century to the mid 20th century to describe peoples of European and Western Asian heritage
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| National Socialist German Workers Party (NAZI) | a political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that practised Nazism
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| S.A ("Brown Shirts") | the original paramilitary wing of the Nazi Party
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| Beer Hall Putsch | a failed coup attempt by the Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler — along with Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders — to seize power in Munich, Bavaria, during 8–9 November 1923.
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| Mein Kampf, 1923 | an autobiographical manifesto by Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, in which he outlines his political ideology and future plans for Germany.
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| show trial | A judicial trial held in public with the intention of influencing or satisfying public opinion, rather than of ensuring justice.
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| totalitarianism | A radical dictatorship that exercises total claims over the beliefs and behavior of its citizens by taking control of the economic, social,intellectual, and cultural aspects of society
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| fascism | A movement characterized by extreme expansionist, nationalism, anti-socialism, a dynamic and violent leader, and glorification of the military and war
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| Vladimir Lenin | Founder of the Russian Communist Party, leader of the Bolshevik Revolution and architect and first head of the Soviet state.
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| New Economic Policy (NEP) | Implemented in 1921 to re-establish limited economic freedom in an attempt to rebuild agriculture and industry.
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| Joseph Stalin | Communist who came to power in Russia in 1927, began five year plan a year later.
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| "socialism in one country" | Belief that Russia should strengthen itself, put forth and adopted as state policy by Stalin.
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| Leon Trotsky | Marxist revolutionary and supporter of Lenin, had relations with the Bolsheviks.
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