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chapter 27
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Third reich | The third great empire established by Adolf Hitler in the 1930's |
| Reichstag fire | Excuse Hitler used to blame the communists in order to start attack on communists |
| Great Depression | A world wide economic struggle from 1929-1933, unique in its severity and duration and with slow and uneven recovery. |
| Night of long knives | Purge of Nazi leaders by Adolf Hitler. Fearing that the paramilitary SA had become too powerful, Hitler ordered his elite SS guards to murder the organization's leader. |
| S.S. | German military force |
| Heinrich Himmler | German Nazi who was chief of the SS and the Gestapo and who oversaw the genocide of six million Jews (1900-1945) |
| Lebensraum | Hitlers expansionist theory based on a drive to find "living space" for the German people |
| Gestapo | The official secret police of Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe. |
| Hitler Youth | An organization established in 1933 to train German boys according to the ideas and principles of the Nazi Party. |
| Nuremberg Laws | were anti-Jewish statutes enacted by Germany on September 15, 1935. |
| Kristallnacht | a Nazi pogrom throughout Germany and Austria on the night of November 9–10, 1938, during which Jews were killed and their property destroyed. |
| Holocaust,"Final Solution" | A term applied by Nazis to the genocide of European Jews during World War II. |
| Weimar Republic | The German republic that existed from 1919 to Hitlers accession to power in 1933. |
| Nazism | A set of political beliefs associated with the Nazi party of Germany from 1920 up to 1945 |
| Collectivization | was enforced under Stalin between 1928 and 1940. The goal of this policy was to consolidate individual land and labour into collective farms |
| Five-year plans | A series of nationwide economic descisions in the Soviet Union |
| Kulaks | A category of affluent farmers |
| purges | an abrupt or violent removal of a group of people from an organization or place. |
| Benito Mussolini, Il Duce | Italian Politician which was also Prime Minister (1922-1943) who lead the National Fascist Party. |
| Fascist Party | Lead by Mussolini, declared war on socialism because it opposed nationalism. |
| "Black Shirts" | Private Fascist group lead by Mussolini which wore a distinctive uniform color and wrecked anything that had to do with socialism like newspapers and union halls. |
| March on Rome | March led by Benito Mussolini as propaganda for popularity which led to him taking power from King Victor Emmanuel II. |
| Aryan race | a racial grouping commonly used in the period of the late 19th century to the mid 20th century to describe peoples of European and Western Asian heritage |
| National Socialist German Workers Party (NAZI) | a political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that practised Nazism |
| S.A ("Brown Shirts") | the original paramilitary wing of the Nazi Party |
| Beer Hall Putsch | a failed coup attempt by the Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler — along with Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders — to seize power in Munich, Bavaria, during 8–9 November 1923. |
| Mein Kampf, 1923 | an autobiographical manifesto by Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, in which he outlines his political ideology and future plans for Germany. |
| show trial | A judicial trial held in public with the intention of influencing or satisfying public opinion, rather than of ensuring justice. |
| totalitarianism | A radical dictatorship that exercises total claims over the beliefs and behavior of its citizens by taking control of the economic, social,intellectual, and cultural aspects of society |
| fascism | A movement characterized by extreme expansionist, nationalism, anti-socialism, a dynamic and violent leader, and glorification of the military and war |
| Vladimir Lenin | Founder of the Russian Communist Party, leader of the Bolshevik Revolution and architect and first head of the Soviet state. |
| New Economic Policy (NEP) | Implemented in 1921 to re-establish limited economic freedom in an attempt to rebuild agriculture and industry. |
| Joseph Stalin | Communist who came to power in Russia in 1927, began five year plan a year later. |
| "socialism in one country" | Belief that Russia should strengthen itself, put forth and adopted as state policy by Stalin. |
| Leon Trotsky | Marxist revolutionary and supporter of Lenin, had relations with the Bolsheviks. |
Created by:
birmingham
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