Anatomy - Endocrine
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What does the endocrine system do? | Secrete hormones into body fluids in order to communicate with cells
🗑
|
||||
| Type of gland that secretes products into ducts (out of body) | exocrine
🗑
|
||||
| Type of gland that secretes products into body fluids to affect target cells (into body) | endocrine
🗑
|
||||
| Tissues that hormones affect | target tissue
🗑
|
||||
| Lipid-soluble and can pass through cell membranes. Their receptors are located in the target cell's nucleus. | Steroid Hormone
🗑
|
||||
| Combine with receptors in target cell membranes | Nonsteroid Hormone
🗑
|
||||
| Locally-produced lipids that affect the organ in which they are produced | Prostaglandins
🗑
|
||||
| Controls secretions of the anterior pituitary | Release of tropic hormones from the hypothalamus
🗑
|
||||
| Control hormonal secretions | negative feedback system
🗑
|
||||
| Where is the pituitary gland located? | Base of the brain
🗑
|
||||
| The pituitary gland is divided into two _____ | lobes
🗑
|
||||
| Control the secretions of the anterior pituitary | Releasing hormones from the hypothalamus
🗑
|
||||
| Carry secretions from the hypothalamus | hypophysal portal veins
🗑
|
||||
| The posterior pituitary releases hormones in response to _________ ____________ from the hypothalamus | nerve impulses
🗑
|
||||
| Stimulates body cells to grow and reproduce (released by anterior pituitary) | Growth Hormone
🗑
|
||||
| Promotes milk production following the birth of an infant (released by anterior pituitary) | Prolactin
🗑
|
||||
| Controls the secretion of hormones from the thyroid gland | Thyroid-stimulating hormone
🗑
|
||||
| Controls the secretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex | Adrenocorticotropic hormone
🗑
|
||||
| Gonadotropins affecting the male and female gonads | Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone
🗑
|
||||
| Which hormones are produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary? | antidiuretic and oxytocin
🗑
|
||||
| Causes the kidneys to conserve water | antidiuretic hormone
🗑
|
||||
| Plays a role in childbirth by contracting muscles in the uterine wall and in milk-letdown by forcing milk int ducts from the milk glands | Oxytocin
🗑
|
||||
| Located below the larynx and consists of two broad lobes connected by an isthmus. | Thyroid Gland
🗑
|
||||
| The thyroid gland consists of secretory parts called ________ filled with hormone-storing colloid | follicles
🗑
|
||||
| Iodine containing hormones that regulate metabolism | t4 and t3
🗑
|
||||
| Extrafollicular cells of the thyroid secrete ________ which lowers blood levels of calcium and phosphate ions when they are too high | calcitonin
🗑
|
||||
| How many parathyroid glands are they, and where are they found? | Four / on the posterior of the thyroid
🗑
|
||||
| Consist of tightly packed secretory glands covered by a thin capsule of connective tissue | parathyroid gland
🗑
|
||||
| Increases blood calcium ion concentration and decreases phosphate ion concentration | Parathyroid Hormone
🗑
|
||||
| How does PTH regulate calcium levels? | Stimulates bone resorption by osteoclasts and influences the kidneys to conserve calcium and causes increased absorption of calcium in the intestines
🗑
|
||||
| Pyramid shaped glands enclosed in a layer of fat that sit on top of the kidneys | adrenal glands
🗑
|
||||
| Made up of modified postganglionic neurons that are connected to the sympathetic nervous system | Adrenal medulla
🗑
|
||||
| The hormones secreted are the same as ____________ of this system but are called hormones because they are secreted into the blood stream | neurotransmitters
🗑
|
||||
| Released during times of stress and for "fight or flight" | Epinephrine and norepinephrine
🗑
|
||||
| Effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine | increased heart rate, breathing rate, elevated blood pressure and slow digestion
🗑
|
||||
| The ____________ ___________ makes up most of the adrenal glands and consists of epithelial cells | adrenal cortex
🗑
|
||||
| The adrenal cortex produces over _____ different steroids | 30
🗑
|
||||
| Mineralocorticoid that causes the kidneys to conserve sodium ions and thus water, and to excrete potassium ions | Aldosterone
🗑
|
||||
| A glucocorticoid that influences the metabolism of glucose, protein, and fat in response to conditions that stress the body | Cortisol
🗑
|
||||
| Supplement hormones released by the gonads and may stimulate early development of reproductive organs | Adrenal sex hormones
🗑
|
||||
| Elongated organ posterior to the stomach that secretes hormones as an endocrine gland, and digestive juices to the digestive tract as an exocrine gland | Pancreas
🗑
|
||||
| Endocrine portion of the pancreas | islets of Langerhans
🗑
|
||||
| cells in the islets of Langerhans that secrete glucagon | alpha cells
🗑
|
||||
| cells in the islets of Langerhans that secrete insulin | beta cells
🗑
|
||||
| Increases the blood levels of glucose by stimulating the breakdown of glycogen and the conversion of noncarbohydrates into glucose | Glucagon
🗑
|
||||
| Decreases blood levels of glucose by stimulating the liver to form glycogen, increasing protein synthesis, and stimulating adipose cells to store fat. | Insulin
🗑
|
||||
| Secretes melatonin and is located near the upper portion of the thalamus | pineal gland
🗑
|
||||
| Regulates circadian rhythms of the body | melatonin
🗑
|
||||
| Secretes thymosins and is located between the lungs under the sternum | Thymus gland
🗑
|
||||
| Affects the production and differentiation of T lymphocytes that are important to immunity | Thymosins
🗑
|
||||
| The ovaries produce... | estrogen and progesterone
🗑
|
||||
| The placenta produces... | estrogen, progesterone, and a gonadotropin
🗑
|
||||
| The testes produce.... | testosterone
🗑
|
||||
| Reproductive glands include... | ovaries, testes, and placenta
🗑
|
||||
| Secrete hormones associated with the processes of digestion | Digestive glands
🗑
|
||||
| The heart secretes ____________ which affects sodium | atrial natriuretic peptide
🗑
|
||||
| The kidney secretes __________ for blood cell production | erythropoietin
🗑
|
||||
| Factors that serve as stressors to the body produce stress and threaten _________ | homeostasis
🗑
|
||||
| Stress can be _________ or ______________ | physical or psychological
🗑
|
||||
| Threatens the survival of tissues (such as extreme cold, prolonged exercise, or infections) | Physical stress
🗑
|
||||
| Results from real or perceived dangers, and includes feelings of anger, depression, fear, and grief | Psychological stress
🗑
|
||||
| The hypothalamus controls the ___________ ______________ __________ which involves increased sympathetic activity and increased secretion of cortisol, glucagon, growth hormone, and antideuretic hormone | general stress syndrome
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
DarkPeriwinkle
Popular Anatomy sets