Spring 2015
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| How are living things organized? | Atoms > Molecules > organelles > cells> Tissues > Organs >Organ Systems > Organism
🗑
|
||||
| How many organ systems are there? | 11
🗑
|
||||
| What is extrinsic regulation controlled by? | Nervous and Endocrine systems
🗑
|
||||
| What does the effector do? | carries out instructions
🗑
|
||||
| What does Supine mean? | lying down, face up
🗑
|
||||
| How many elements do living organisms require | 20
🗑
|
||||
| What is potential energy of position? | the energy it takes to hold electrons in place
🗑
|
||||
| What is Oxidation? | the loss of an electron
🗑
|
||||
| What is Reduction? | The gain of an electron
🗑
|
||||
| What is a molecule? | Two of the same atom
🗑
|
||||
| What is a compound? | Two different atoms
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 3 things chemical reactions are influenced by? | Temperature, Catalysts, and concentration of reactants and products
🗑
|
||||
| What is Energy? | The power to do work
🗑
|
||||
| What is Work? | a change in mass or distance
🗑
|
||||
| What is chemical energy? | potential energy stored in chemical bonds (ATP)
🗑
|
||||
| What is Electrical energy | movement of charged particles
🗑
|
||||
| What is Mechanical energy? | moving matter
🗑
|
||||
| What is Radiant Energy | electromagnetic (energy in waves)
🗑
|
||||
| What is Catabolism? | Decomposition reaction (AB > A+B)
🗑
|
||||
| What is Anabolism? | Synthesis reaction (A+B > AB)
🗑
|
||||
| What is Hydrolysis? | The removal of water (A-B-C-D-E+H2O > A-B-C-H+HO-D-E)
🗑
|
||||
| What is Dehydration Synthesis? | The addition of water (condensation) (A-B-C-H+HO-D-E > A-B-C-D-E+H2O)
🗑
|
||||
| What are metabolites? | molecules made or broken down in the body
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 4 properties of water? | Solubility, reactivity, high heat capacity, lubrication
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 3 type of Carbohydrates? | Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides
🗑
|
||||
| What are monosaccharides? | simple sugars with 3-7 carbon atoms (glucose)
🗑
|
||||
| What are disaccharides? | 2 simple sugars condensed by dehydration synthesis (sucrose)
🗑
|
||||
| What are polysaccharides? | Chains of many simple sugars (glycogen)
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 5 types of lipids? | Fatty acids, Eicosanoids, Glycerides, Steroids, Phospholipids and Glycolipids
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 2 types of Eicosanoids? | Leukotrienes and Prostaglandins
🗑
|
||||
| What are Leukotrienes? | active in immune system
🗑
|
||||
| What are Prostaglandins? | short-chain fatty acids, local hormones
🗑
|
||||
| What are Glycerides? | fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule
🗑
|
||||
| What is a Triglyceride? | Fat storage molecule
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 4 types of Steroids? | Cholesterol, Estrogens and Testosterone, Corticosteroids and calcitrol, and bile salts
🗑
|
||||
| What is a corticosteroid and calcitrol? | metabolic regulators
🗑
|
||||
| How many amino acids are there? | 20
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 7 protein functions? | support, movement, transport, buffering, metabolic regulation, coordination and control, and defense
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 5 parts of an amino acid? | central carbon, hydrogen, amino group (-NH2), carboxylic acid group (-COOH), and R group
🗑
|
||||
| What makes up an amino group? | NH2
🗑
|
||||
| What makes up a carboxylic group? | COOH
🗑
|
||||
| What is a peptide bond? | a dehydration synthesis between an amino group and carboxylic group
🗑
|
||||
| What are fibrous proteins? | structural sheets or strands
🗑
|
||||
| What are globular proteins? | soluble spheres with active functions
🗑
|
||||
| What is a cofactor? | an ion or molecule that binds to an enzyme before substrates can bind
🗑
|
||||
| What are the bases A & T? | Purines
🗑
|
||||
| What are the bases C & G | Pyrimidines
🗑
|
||||
| What makes up a nucleotide? | sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base (building block of DNA)
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 3 components of the cell membrane? | lipids, carbohydrates, proteins
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 6 functions of membrane proteins? | Anchoring, recognition, enzymes, receptor, carrier, channels
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 3 membrane carbohydrates? | Proteoglycans, glycoproteins, glycolipids
🗑
|
||||
| What filaments make up the cytoskeleton? | microfilaments, intermediate, and microtubules
🗑
|
||||
| What are microfilaments? | thin filaments composed of actin that provide additional mechanical strength and pairs with myosin for muscle movement
🗑
|
||||
| What are intermediate filaments? | made of durable collagen used to strengthen and maintain shape, stabilize organelles, and stablilize cell position
🗑
|
||||
| What are microtubules? | Made of tubulin, used to attach to centrosome, strengthen cell and anchor organelles, change cell shape, move vesicles, and form spindle apparatus
🗑
|
||||
| What are free ribosomes for? | proteins for cell
🗑
|
||||
| what are fixed ribosomes for? | proteins for secretion
🗑
|
||||
| What are proteasomes? | contain proteases that disassmble damaged proteins for recylcing
🗑
|
||||
| What are cisternae? | storage chambers within ER membranes
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of ER | synthesis of protein, storage of synthesized molecules, and detoxification of drugs or toxins
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of smooth ER | synthesize lipids and carbohydrates
🗑
|
||||
| Primary lysosome | formed by Golgi and inactive enzymes
🗑
|
||||
| Secondary lysosome | lysosome fused with damaged organelle, digestive enzyme activated, toxic chemicals isolated
🗑
|
||||
| What are Peroxisomes | enzyme-containing vesicles that break down fatty acids and organic compounds and produce H2O2
🗑
|
||||
| What is the cristae? | the mitochondria's folded inner membrane
🗑
|
||||
| What does the nucleoli do? | protein production, synthesis rRNA
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 7 methods of transport? | simple diffusion, channel-mediated diffusion, osmosis, faciliated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis
🗑
|
||||
| What is tonicity? | the osmotic effect of a solute on a cell
🗑
|
||||
| What is hemolysis? | when a cell ruptures
🗑
|
||||
| What is crenation? | When a cell shrivels
🗑
|
||||
| Give an example of active transport | Sodium-Potassium Pump
🗑
|
||||
| Explain the sodium-potassium pump | K+ is not able to come directly in, so NA+ is bound to glucose from the outside, brought into the cell, and then exchanged for K+. 2 K+ for every 3 NA+
🗑
|
||||
| Pinocytosis and Phagocytosis are part of what transport? | Endocytosis
🗑
|
||||
| Explain endocytosis | receptors (glycoproteins) bind target molecules (ligands) and create a vesicle that then fuses with a lsysosome and releases the ligands. Receptor detaches from lysosome and returns to cell membrane
🗑
|
||||
| What are pseudopodia? | the hole that forms in the membrane during endo or exocytosis
🗑
|
||||
| What happens in the G zero phase? | specialized cell functions
🗑
|
||||
| What happens in the G1 phase? | cell growth, organelle duplication, protein synthesis
🗑
|
||||
| what happens in the S phase? | DNA replication and histone synthesis
🗑
|
||||
| What happens in the G2 phase? | finishing of protein synthesis and centriole replication
🗑
|
||||
| What does DNA polymerase do? | attaches complementary nucleotides
🗑
|
||||
| What are the characteristics of epithelial tissue? | cellularity, polarity, attachment, avascularity, and regeneration
🗑
|
||||
| What are the functions of epithelial tissue? | provide physical protection, control permeability, provide sensation, and produce specialized secretions
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of simple squamous epithelium? | absorption and diffusion
🗑
|
||||
| What does mesothelium line? | body cavities
🗑
|
||||
| what does endothelium line? | heart and blood vessels
🗑
|
||||
| mesothelium and endothelium are a type of what tissue? | simple squamous epithelium
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of stratified squamous epithelium? | protects against attacks
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of simple cuboidal epithelium? | secretion and absorption (kidney tubules)
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of stratified cuboidal epithelium? | sweat and mammary ducts
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of simple columnar epithelial? | absorption and secretion
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of pseudostratified columnar epithelium? | cilia movement
🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of stratified columnar epithelium? | protection
🗑
|
||||
| What are the types and functions of glandular epithelium? | Endocrine gland that release hormones into interstitial fluid and have no ducts, and exocrine glands that produce secretions onto epithelial surfaces through ducts
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 3 modes of secretion? | Merocrine, Apocrine, and Holocrine
🗑
|
||||
| What is Merocrine secretion? | produced by golgi body, released by vesicles (sweat glands)
🗑
|
||||
| What is Apocrine secretion? | produced by Golgi apparatus, released by shedding cytoplasm (mammary gland)
🗑
|
||||
| What is Holocrine secretion? | released by cells bursting, killing gland cells, and replaced by stem cells (sebaceous glands)
🗑
|
||||
| What are the functions of connective tissue? | connect epithelium to the rest of the body, provide structure, store energy, and transport materials
🗑
|
||||
| Characteristics of collagen fibers | most common in connective tissue proper, resists force in 1 direction (tendons and ligaments)
🗑
|
||||
| Characteristics of Reticular fibers | resists force in many directions (sheaths around organs)
🗑
|
||||
| Where is areolar tissue found? | holds blood vessels and capillary beds (under skin)
🗑
|
||||
| Where is reticular tissue found? | supportive fibers that support functional cells, reticular organs, spleen, liver, lymph nodes, and bone marrow
🗑
|
||||
| What is dense regular connective tissue for? | attachment and stabilization (tendons, ligaments)
🗑
|
||||
| What is dense irregular connective tissue for? | layered in skin, around cartilage, around bones, and form capsules around some organs (liver, kidneys)
🗑
|
||||
| Characteristics of Hyaline Cartilage | stiff, flexible support; reduces friction between bones; found in synovial joints, rib tips, sternum, and trachea
🗑
|
||||
| Characteristics of Fibrocartilage Cartilage | Limits movement; prevents bone to bone contact; pads knee joints; found between pubic bones and intervertebral discs
🗑
|
||||
| What is Perosteum | covers bone surfaces
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 4 types of membranes | Mucous, Serous, Cutaneous, and Synovial
🗑
|
||||
| Characteristics of Mucous Membrane | Line passages that have external passageways
🗑
|
||||
| Characteristics of Serous Membrane | Line cavities not open to the outside; Have fluid transudate to reduce friction; have 2 portions (parietal and visceral)
🗑
|
||||
| Characteristics of Synovial Membrane | Line articulating joint cavities; produce synovial fluid; protect ends of bones
🗑
|
||||
| Skeletal Muscles | Striated, voluntary, and multinucleated
🗑
|
||||
| Cardiac Muscles | Striated, involuntary, and single nucleus; form branching networks connected at intercalated disks
🗑
|
||||
| Smooth Muscles | nonstriated, involuntary, and single nucleus
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
Asund6
Popular Anatomy sets