Western Civ II
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Scientific Revolution | 15th-17th cent
Science accepted
Old assumptions rejected
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| Isaac Newton | 1642-1722
Invented calculus/laws of gravity
All motion explained by math
Universe=machine...fixed,eternal
Deeply religious
Science upholds faith, not in conflict
God is author of both science and faith
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| Salons | Reading club
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| Montesquieu | 1689-1755
The Spirit of the Laws.
Separation of powers, mixed govt to balance power.
Praised Eng system
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| Rousseau | 1712-1778
Law should reflect General will
Democratic overtones
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| Copernicus | 1473-1543
Heliocentric thesis
Rejected geocentric
Catholics and protestants condemned
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| Scientific method | Problem, hypothesis, experiment, theory, law
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| Enlightenment | 18th-Intellectual movement
Fulfillment of scientific revolution
Man good. Made bad by social upbringing, improveable.
Individual achievement, matters, challenging hierarchy.
Hope over despair, world can change
Opp to arbitrary power, religious skep
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| Separation of powers | Mixed govt in order to keep any one person from becoming too powerful.
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| General will |
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| Enlightened absolutism |
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| Kepler | 1571-1630
More evidence of heliocentric, thesis
Protestants slowly accepted
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| Francis Bacon | 1561-1626
Philosopher
Science=constant voyage of discovering truth
Empirical evidence
Facts to support ,onclusions
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| Deism |
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| Diderot | 1713-1784
The Encyclopedia!
Open to.all.
Know+share
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| Beccaria | Prison reform as rehabilitation over torture. Improve criminals. To call pen, not prison.
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| Galileo | 1564-1642
Perfected telescope therefore proved Kepler and Copernicus right.
Science through reason, not bible.
Forced to recant/house arrest for life
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| Rene Decartes | 1596-1650
"I think therefore I am."
Skepticism
Reason=proof
Mechanical universe
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| Voltaire | 1694-1778
Author of Candide, sarcastic comedy.
Criticized noble pretensions
Called for religious freedom
Social progress
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| The Encyclopedia | Written record of all knowledge.
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| Abbe Raynal | Denounces slavery and defines as immoral and a violation of laws of nature.
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