Medical Terminology, Anatomy & Physiology Introduction Worksheet
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is the function of the Cell membrane | outer covering of cell (protects cell)
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| What is the function of the Cytoplasm | Water, nutrient, waste (jelly like fluid inside cell)
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| What is the function of the Nucleus | Controls cell activity (contains 23 pairs of Chromosomes)
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| What is the function of the Mitochondria | Energy Source, Power Source (Makes ATP) (Like little batteries floating around)
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| What is the function of the Endoplasmic reticulum | Carries everything around (sub-way system)
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| Define Energy | Ability to do work
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| Define Metabolism | Sum total of all chemical reactions that take place in the body
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| Building up phase | Anabolism
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| Break down phase | Catabolism
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| Which phase requires (uses) energy? | Anabolism
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| Which phase gives off (produces) energy? | Catabolism
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| Define Tissue | Groups of similar cells working together to perform a specific function
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| Define an organ | Group of two or more tissues working together to perform a complex function or common goal
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| Define a system | groups of organs working together to perform a complex function of common goal (12 systems)
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| A useful substance is called | Nutrient
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| What type of tissue forms skin and membranes? | Epithelial
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| What type of tissue forms bone and fascia? | Connective tissue
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| Which type of tissue contracts, enabling movement? | Muscle
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| Which type of tissue relays electrical impulses? | Nervous
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| The maintenance of a steady state within the body's physical and chemical environment is termed | Homeostasis
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| Define diffusion | The movement of particles - anything except water - from an area of greater concentration to lesser concentration
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| Define osmosis | The movement of water from lesser to greater, thin to thick (greater concentration)
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| Difference between diffusion and active transport | diffusion does not require energy, active transport does
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| Serous membrane Pleura | covers lungs and lines thoracic cavity
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| Serous membrane Pericardium | covers heart and lines the pericardial cavity
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| Serous membrane Peritoneum | covers abdominal pelvic organs and lines abdominal pelvic cavity
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| Integumentary | Protection, excretion, respiration
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| Blood | Transportation and fighting infection
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| Cardiovascular | Transportation with heart acting as a pump
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| Respiratory | obtaining oxygen from environment
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| Urinary (Excretory) | Filtration regulation of water balance and blood pressure
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| Skeletel | Framework and support
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| Muscle | Movement by way of contraction
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| Digestive (Gastrointestinal) | Digestion, absorption and elimination
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| Nervous | Provides communication throughout the body`
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| Endocrin | Control, initiate and regulate all body activities`
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| Reproductive | Propogation of the human race
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| Special Senses | Vision, hearing
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| What term describes a life threatening tumor | Malignant
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| What term describes a slower growing tumor, not life threatening | benign
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| What term designates the spread of a malignancy | metastasis
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| What term for malignancies of the epithelial tissue | carcinoma
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| What term for malignancies of the connective tissue | Sarcoma
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| Osteoma | Bone Tumor
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| Myoma | Muscle Tumor
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| Lipoma | Fat Tumor
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| Papilloma | Wart
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| Nevus | Mole
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| Glioma | Nerve
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| Adenoma | Gland
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| Angioma | Vessel (blood vessel)
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| The study of cells | Cytology
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| The study of tissues | Histology
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| The study of tumors | Oncology
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| The study of blood | Hematology
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| The study of disease | Pathology
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| The study of forms or shapes of living organisms | Morphology
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| Define Superior | Above
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| Define Inferior | Below
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| Define Anterior/Ventral | Front
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| Define Posterior/Dorsal | Back
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| Define Crainal | Toward the head
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| Define Caudal | Toward the tailbone
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| Define Central | Toward the trunk
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| Define Peripheral | Towards the extremities
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| Define Medial | Towards the midline (middle)
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| Define lateral | towards the side (outside)
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| Define Inner Aspect | Inside
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| Define Supine | Lying on back, face up
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| Define Prone | Lying on abdomen, face down
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| Define Deep | Away from surface
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| Define Superficial | Toward the surface
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| Define Proximal | toward the origin of a structure
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| Define Distal | Away from the origin of a structure
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| Define afferent (arriving) | conducting toward a structure
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| Define efferent (exit) | conducting away from a structure
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| Spinal, 1st set. | Cervical, C1 - C7
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| Spinal, 2nd set | Thorasic, T1 - T12
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| Spinal, 3rd set | Lumbar, L1 - L5
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| Spinal, 4th set | Sacral (sacrum) 1
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| Spinal, 5th set | Coccygeal (coccyx) 1
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| Frontal (coronal) Plane | Plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts (ear to ear)
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| Sagittal plane | Plane that divides the body into right and left parts (through the nose....half on one side, half on the other)
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| Transverse (looking down) plane | plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts (at the waist)
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