Wiley Anatomy Flash Cards For Chapter 11 Part One
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| Origin | attachment of muscle tendon to stationary bone
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| Insertion | the attachment of muscle other tendon to movable bone
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| Belly | fleshy portion of the muscle between the tendons
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| Reverse muscle action (RMA) | during specific movements of the body actions are reversed ;positions of origin and insertion of specific muscle are switched
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| Lever | rigid structure that can move around a fixed point called a fulcrum
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| Fulcrum | fixed point in lever symbolized by F
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| Effort | causes movement; force exerted by muscle contraction
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| load or resistance | opposes movement ;weight of body part that is moved
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| Motion | occurs when the effort applied to a bone at the insertion exceeds the load
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| Mechanical Advantage | If the load is closer to the fulcrum and the effort farther from the fulcrum, then only a relatively small effort is required to move a large load over a small distance
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| Mechanical Disadvantage | Load farther from the fulcrum and the effort is applied closer to the fulcrum then a relatively large effort is required to move a small load (but at greater speed)
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| First Class lever | fulcrum is between effort and load
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| Second class lever | load between fulcrum and effort
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| Third Class Lever | effort is between fulcrum and load
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| Fascicles | form one of five patterns with respect to tendons : parallel ,fusiform, circular triangular, or pennate
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| fusiform | spindle shaped, narrow toward the ends and wide in the middle
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| pennate | shaped like a feather
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| Fascicular arrangement | often represents a compromise between power and range of motion. Example: pennate, parralell
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| Pennate muscles (fascicular arrangement) | hane large number of short fibered fascicles distributed over their tendons , giving them greater power but a smaller ROM
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| Parallel muscles (fascicular arrangement) | have few fascicles, but have long fibers that extend the length of the muscle, so they hane a greater ROM than pennate
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| Prime mover (agonist)=leader | contacts to cause an action
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| Antagonist(anti-=against) | stretches and yields to the effects of prime mover
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| Synergists (syn-=together;-ergon=work) | To prevent unwanted movements at intermediate joints or to otherwise aid the movement of prime mover, synergists contract and stabilize intermediate joints
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| Fixators | steady the proximal end of a limb while movements occur at distal ends
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| Intramuscular injection | To avoid injury, IM are given deep within the muscle, away from major nerves and blood vessels. IM have a faster speed of delivery than oral medications but are slower than IV infusions.
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| Compartment | group of muscle cells , their associated blood vessels and associated nerves , all of which have common function
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| Parallel | fascicle parallel to longitudal axis of muscle; terminate at either end in flat tendons
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| Fusiform | fascicles nearly parallel to longitudinal axis of muscle ; terminate in flat tendon; muscle tapers toward tendons, where diameter is less than in belly
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| Curcular | fascicles in concentric circular components form sphincter muscles that in close an orifice
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| Orifice | Opening
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| Triangular | fascicles spread over broad area converge at thick central tendon, gives muscle a triangular apearance
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| Pennate | Short fascicles in relation to total muscle length, tendon extends nearly entire length of muscle
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| Unipennate | Fascicles arranged on only one side of tendon
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| Bipennate | fasciclearranged on both sides of centrally positioned tendons
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| Multipennate | Fascicles attach obliquely from many directions to several tendons
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| You can learn the names of the muscles by... | remembering the terms that refer to muscle features such as the pattern of muscle fascicle; the size, shape, action,and number of origins
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| You can also learn the names of the muscle by.. | location of the muscle and the sites of origin and insertion of the muscle
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| Knowing the name of the muscles will | give you clues about its features.
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| Characteristics used to name muscles | direction, size, shape, action, number of origins, location, origin and insertion
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| Direction | orientation of muscle fascicles relative to body midline (rectus, transverse, oblique)
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| Rectus | parallel to midline (rectus abdominis)
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| Transverse | perpendicular to midline (transverse abdominis)
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| Oblique | diagonal to midline (external oblique)
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| Size | relative size of muscle (maximus, minimus, longus, brevis, latissimus, longissimius , magnus, major, minor, vastus
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| Maximus | largest ( gluteus maximus)
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| Minimus | Smallest (gluteus minimus)
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| Longus | Long (adductor longus)
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| Brevis | short (adductor brevis)
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| Latissimus | Widest (latissimus dorsi)
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| Longissimius | Longest (longissimius capitis)
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| Magnus | Large (adductor magnus)
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| Major | Larger (pectoralis major)
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| Minor | smaller (pectoralis minor)
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| Vastus | huge ( vastus lateralis)
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| Shape | relative shape of the muscle ( deltoid, trapezius, serratus, rhomboid, orbicularis, pectinate, piriforms, platys, quadratus, gracilis)
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| Deltoid | Triangular ( deltoid)
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| Trapezius | trapezoid (trapezius)
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| serratus | saw toothed (serratus anterior)
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| rhomboid | diamond shaped ( rhomboid major)
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| orbicularis | circular ( orbicularis oculi)
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| pectinate | comblike ( pectineus)
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| piriformis | pear shaped (piriformis)
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| platys | flat (playtsma)
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| gracilis | slender (gracilis)
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| action | principal action of the muscle( flexor, extensor, abductor, adductor, levator, depressor, supinator, pronator, tensor, rotation
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| Flexor | decrease angle at joint (flexor carpi radialis)
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| extensor | increase angle at joint (extensor carpi ulnaris)
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| abductor | moves bone away from midline (abductor pollicis longus)
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| adductor | moves bone toward midline (adductor longuus)
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| levator | raises or elevates body part ( levator scapulae)
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| depressor | lowers or depresses body part ( depressor labii inferioris)
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| supinator | turns palms anteriorly ( supinator)
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| pronator | turns palms posteriorly
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| spinchter | decreases size of opening ( external anal spinchter)
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| tensor | makes body part rigid (tensor fasciae latae)
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| rotator | rotates bones around longitudinal axis (rotatore)
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| number of origins | number of tendons of origin ( bicep, tricep, quadriceps
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| Bicep | two origins ( biceps brachii)
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| tricep | three origins ( triceps brachii)
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| quadriceps | four origins (quadriceps femoris)
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| Location | structure near which a muscle is found ( temporalis muscle near temporal bone
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| Origin and Insertion | sites where muscle originates and inserts ( stenocleidomastoid, originating on sternum and clavicle and inserting in mastoid process of temporal bone)
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| Why do muscle facial expression move the skin rather than a joint | they usually originate in the fascia or bones of the skull and insert into the skin. Because of their insertions, the muscles of facial expression move the skin rather than a joint when they contract
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| scalp muscles | occipitofrontalis, frontal belly, occipital belly
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| occipitofrontalis | The occipitofrontalis muscle (epicranius muscle) is a muscle which covers parts of the skull. It consists of two parts or bellies: The occipital belly, near the occipital bone, and the frontal belly, near the frontal bone.
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| frontal belly origin | epicranal aponeurosis
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| frontal belly insertion | skin superior to supraorbital margin
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| frontal belly action | draws scalp anteriorly, raises eyebrows, and wrinkles skin of forehead horizontally as in look of suprise
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| frontal belly innervation | facial vii nerve
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| occipital belly origin | occipital bone and mastoid process of temporal bone
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| occipital belly insertion | epicranial aponeurosis
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| occipital belly action | draws scalp posteriorly
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| OCCIPITAL BELLY INNERVATION | facial vii nerve
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| Mouth muscles | orbicularis oris, zygomaticus major, zygomaticus minor, levator labii superioris, depressor labii inferioris, depressor anguli oris, levator anguli oris, buccinators, risorius, mentalis
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| orbicularis oris origin | muscle fibers surrounding mouth
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| oo insertion | skin at corner of mouth
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| oo action | closes and protrudes lips, as in kissing; compresses lips against teeth ; shapes lips during speech
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| oo innervation | facial nerve vii nerve
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| zgomaticus major origin | zygomatic bone
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| zm insertion | skin at angle of mouth and orbicularis oris
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| zm action | draws angle of mouth superiorly and laterally
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| zm innervation | facial vii nerve
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| zygomaticus minor origin | zygomatic bone
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| zygomaticus minor insertion | upper lip
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| z minor action | raises (elevates) upper lip , exposing maxillary (upper) teeth
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| z minor innervation | facial vii nerve
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| levator labii superioris origin | superior infraorbital foramen of maxilla
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| lls insertion | skin at angle of mouth and orbicularis oris
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| lls action | raises upper lip
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| lls innervation | facial vii nerve
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| depressor labii inferioris origin | mandible
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| dli insertion | skin of lower lip
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| dli action | depresses (lowers)lower lip
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| dli innervation | facial nerve vii
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| depressor angular oris origin | mandible
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| dao insertion | angle of mouth
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| dao action | draws angle of mouth laterally and inferiorly
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| dao innervation | facial vii nerve
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| levator angular oris origin | inferior to infraorbital foramen
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| lao insertion | skin of lower lip and orbicularis oris
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| lao action | draws angle of motuh llaterally and superiorly
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| lao innervation | facial nerve vii
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| buccinators origin | alveolar process of maxilla and mandible and pterygomandibular raphe ( fibourus band extending from pterygoid process process of sphenoid bone to mandible)
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| b insertions | orbicularis oris
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| b action | presses cheeks against teeth and lips, as in whistling, blowing and sucking,; draws corner of mouth laterally ; assists in mastication (chewing) by keeping food between the teeth (and not between teeth and cheeks)
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| b innervation | facial vii
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| Risorius origin | fascia over parotid (salivary gland)
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| r insertion | skin at angle of mouth
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| r action | draws angle of mouth laterally, as in grimacing)
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| r innervation | facial vii
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| mentalis origin | mandible
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| m insertion | skin of chin
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| m action | elevates and protrudes lower lip inferiorly and posteriorly as in pouting, depresses mandible
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| m innervation | facial vii nereve
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| Neck muscles | platysma
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| Platysma origin | fascia over deltoid and pectoralis major muscles
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| platysma insertion | mandible blends with muscle around angle of mouth,and skin of lower face
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| platysma action | draws outer part of lower lip inferiorly and posteriorly as in pouting depresses mandible
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| platysma innervation | facial vii nerve
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| orbit and eyebrow muscles | orbicularis oculi, corrugator supercilli
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| Orbicularis oculi origin | medial wall of orbit
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| orbicularis oculi insertion | circular path around orbit
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| orbicularis oculi action | close
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| orbicularis oculi innervation | facial nerve vii
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| corrugator supercili origin | medial end of supercillary arch of frontal bone
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| cs insertion | skin of eyebrow
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| cs action | draws eyebrows inferiorly and wrinkles skin of forehead vertically as in frowning.
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| List Muscles of the head that move the eyeballs and upperlids | superior rectus, inferior rectus, lateral rectus, medial rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae superioris
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| superior rectus origin | common tendinous ring (attached to orbit around optic foramen)
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| superior rectus insretion | superior and central part of eyeballs
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| superior rectus action | moves eyeballs superiorly (elevation) and medially (adduction) and rotates them medially
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| superior rectus innervation | oculomotor iii nerve
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| inferior rectus origin | same as superior rectus
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| inferior rectus insertion | inferior and central part of eyeballs
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| inferior rectus action | moves eyeballs inferiorly (depression) and medially (adduction) and rotates them laterally
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| inferior rectus innervation | oculomotor iii nerve
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| lateral rectus | same as superior rectus
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| lateral rectus insertion | lateral side of eyeballs
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| lateral rectus action | moves eyeballs laterally (abduction)
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| lateral rectus innervation | abducens vi nerve
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| medial rectus origin | same as superior rectus
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| medial rectus insertion | medial side of eyeballs
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| medial rectus action | moves eyeball medially (adduction)
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| medial rectus innervation | oculomotor iii nerve
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| Superior oblique origin | sphenoid bone, superior and medial to common tendinous ring in orbit
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| superior oblique insertion | eyeball between superior and lateral recti. Muscle inserts into ssuperior and lateral surfaces of eyeball via tendon that passes through trochlea
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| superior oblique action | moves eyeballs inferiorly (depression) and laterally (abduction) and rotates them medially
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| superior oblique innervation | moves eyeballs trochlear iv nerve
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| Inferior oblique origin | maxilla in floor of orbit
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| Inferior oblique insertion | eyeball between inferior and lateral recti
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| Inferior oblique action | moves eyeballs superiorly (elevation) and laterally (abduction) and rotates them laterally
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| Inferior oblique innervation | oculomotor iii nerve
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| Levetator palpebrae superioris (lps) origin | roof of orbit(lesser wing of sphenoid bone)
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| lps insertion | skin and tarsal plate of upper eyelids
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| lps action | elevates upper eyelids (open eyes)
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| lps innervation | oculomotor iii nerve
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| List muscle that move the mandilble and assist in mastication of speech | masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid , lateral pterygoid
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| Masseter origin | maxilla and zygomatic arch
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| masseter insertion | angle of ramus of mandible
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| masseter action | elevates mandible as in closing the mouth
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| masseter innervation | mandibular division of trigeminal v nerve
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| temporalis origin | temporal bone
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| temporalis insertion | coronoid process of ramus of mandible
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| temporalis action | elevates and retracts mandible
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| temporalis innervation | mandibular division of trigeminal nerve v
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| medial pterygoid origin | medial surface of lateral portion of pterygoid process of sphenoid bine
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| medial pterygoid insertion | angle of ramus of mandible
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| medial pterygoid action | elevates and protracts (protrudes) mandible and moves mandible from side to side
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| medial pterygoid innervation | mandibular division of trigeminal
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| lateral pterygoid origin | greater wing and lateral surface of lateral protion of pterygoid process of sphenoid bone, maxilla
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| lp insertion | condyle of mandible, tmj
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| lp action | protracts mandible, depresses mandible as in opening mouth, and moves mandible from side to side
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| lp innervation | mandibular division of trigeminal v nerve
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| Muscle of mastication definition | muscles that move the mandible (list) and assist in mastication (chewing)
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| List muscles of the Head that move the tongue and assist in mastication types | genioglossus, stlyoglossus, hyoglossus, palateglossus
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| Genioglossus origin | mandible
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| geniglossus insertion | under surface of tongue and hyoid bone
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| genioglossus action | depresses tongue and thrusts it anteriorly (protraction)
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| genioglossus innervation | hypoglossal nerve xii
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| styloglossus origin | styloid process of temporal bone
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| styloglossos insertion | side and underface of tounge
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| styloglossous action | depresses tongue and draws it posteriorly (retraction)
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| styloglos innervation | hypoglossal xii nerve
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| hyoglossus origin | greater horn and body of hyoid bone
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| hyoglossu insertion | side of tongue
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| hyoglossus action | depresses tongue and draws down its sides
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| hyoglossus innervation | hypoglossal xii nerve
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| palatoglossus origin | aneterior surface of soft palate
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| palatoglossus insertion | side of tongue
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| palatoglossus action | elevates posterior protion of tongue and draws soft palate down on tongue
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| palatoglossus innervation | pharyngeal plexus, which contains axons from the agus (x) nerve
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| Two groups of muscles aassociated with anterior neck | suprahyoid and infrahyoid
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| Suprahyoid | so called because they are located superior to hyoid bone
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| infrahyoid | so called because they are below hyoid
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| Both infrahyoid and suprahyoid | stabilize the hyoid bone,allowingit to serve as a firm base on which the tongue can move
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| List the suprahyoid muscles of the anterioir neckthat assist in degula | digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid
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| Digastric origin | anterior belly from inner side of inferiror border of mandible ; posterior belly from temporal bone
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| digastric insertion | body of hyoid bone via an intermediate tendon
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| digastric action | elevates hyoid bone.RMA: depresses mandible asin opening of mouth
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| digastric innervation | anterior bellyu of mandibular division of trigeminal v nerve
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| Stylohyoid origin | styloid process of temporal bone
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| stylohyoin insertion | body of hyoid bone
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| stylohyoid action | elevates hyoid bone and draws it posteriorly
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| stylohyoid innervation | facial vii nerve
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| Mylohyoid origin | inner surface of mandible
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| mylohyoid insertion | inner surface of mandible
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| mylohyoid action | elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth and depresses mandible
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| mylohyoid innervation | mandibular division of trigeminal v nerve
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| geniohyoid origin | iiner surface of mandible
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| geniohyoid insertion | body of hyoid bone
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| geniohyoid action | elevates hyoid bone, draws hyoid bone and tongue anteriorly , depresses mandible
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| geniohyoid innervation | first cervical spinall nerve c1
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| List of infrahyoid muscles | omohyoid sternohyoid strenothyroid thyrohyoid
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| Omohyoid origin | superior border of scapular and superior transverse ligament
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| omohyoid insertion | body of hyoid bone
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| omohyoid action | depresses hyoid bone
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| omohyiod innervation | branches of spinal nerves c1-c3
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| Sternohyoid origin | medial end of clavicle and manubrium of sternum
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| sternohyoin insertion | body of hyoid
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| sternohyoid action | depresses hyoid bone
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| sternohyoid innervation | branches of spinal nerves c1-c3
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| sternothyoid origin | manubrium of sternum
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| sternnothyoid insertion | greater forn of hyoid bone
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| sternthyoid action | depresses throid cartilage of larynx
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| strenthyoid innervation | branches of spinal nerves c1-c3
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| thyrohyoid origin | thyroid cartilage of larynx
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| Thhyrohyoid insertion | greate horn of hyoid bone
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| thyrohyoid action | depresses hyoid bone . RMA:Elevates thyroid cartilage
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| Thyrohyoid innervation | branches of spinal nerves c1-c2 and descending hypoglossal nerve.
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| List muscles of the neck that move the head | sternocleidomastoid, semispinalis capitis, splenius capitus, longissimus capitus, spinalis capitis
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| Sternocleidomastoid origin | STERNAL HEAD; MANUBRIUM OF STERNUM, CLAVICULAR HEAD:MEDIAL OF THIRD CLAVICLE
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| sternocleidomastoid insertion | mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line of occipital bone
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| sternocleidomastoid action | look in book
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| sternocleidomastoid innervation | Acessory (xi) nerve, c2, and c3
🗑
|
||||
| semispnalis capitis origin | articular process of c4-c6 and transverse processes of c7-t7
🗑
|
||||
| semispinalis capitis insertion | occipital bone netween superior and inferior nuchal lines
🗑
|
||||
| semispinalis capitis action | Acting todether, extend head and vertebral column, acting singly, rotate head side to side opposite contracting muscle
🗑
|
||||
| semispinalis capitis innervation | cervical and spinal nerves
🗑
|
||||
| splenius capitis origin | ligsmentum nuchae and spinous process of c7-t4
🗑
|
||||
| splenius capitis insertion | occipital bone and mastoid process of temporal bone
🗑
|
||||
| splenius capitus action | extend head, acting together, muscle of each region (cervical and thoracic) extend vertebral column of their respective regions
🗑
|
||||
| splenius capitis innervation | cervical spinal nerves
🗑
|
||||
| Longissimus Capitis origin | articular process of t1-t4
🗑
|
||||
| longissimus capitus insertion | mastoid process of temporal bone
🗑
|
||||
| longissimus capitis action | Acting together, extend ead and vertebral column;acting singly, laterlly flex and rotate head to same side as contracting muscle
🗑
|
||||
| longissimus capitis innervaton | cervical and spinal nerves
🗑
|
||||
| Spinalis capitis origin | often absent or very small; arises with semispinalis capitis
🗑
|
||||
| spinalis capitis insertion | occipital bone
🗑
|
||||
| spinalis capitis action | extends head and vertebral column
🗑
|
||||
| spinalis capitis innervation | cervical spinal nerves
🗑
|
||||
| List muscles of the bdomen that protect abdominal viscera and move the vertebral column | rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis,quadratus lumborum
🗑
|
||||
| Rectus abdominis origin | pubic crest aand pubic symphysis
🗑
|
||||
| Rectus abdominis inserion | cartilage of ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process
🗑
|
||||
| Rectus abdominis action | look in book
🗑
|
||||
| rectus abdominis innervation | thoracic spinal nerves
🗑
|
||||
| external oblique origin | ribs 5-12
🗑
|
||||
| external oblique insertion | iliac crest and linea alba
🗑
|
||||
| external oblique action | look in book
🗑
|
||||
| external oblique innervation | thoracic spinal nerves t7-t12 and the iliohypogastric nerve
🗑
|
||||
| Internal oblique origin | iliac crst, inguinal ligmanet , and thorocolumbar fascia
🗑
|
||||
| Internal oblique insertion | cart ribs 7-10 and linea alba
🗑
|
||||
| internal oblique action | look in book
🗑
|
||||
| internal oblique innervation | thoracic spinal nerves t8-t12 the iliohypogastric nerve, ilioinguinial nerve
🗑
|
||||
| Transversus abdominis | Iliac crest inguinial ligament , lubar fasia, and cart of ribs 5-10
🗑
|
||||
| transversus insertion | xiphoid process, linea alba and pubis
🗑
|
||||
| transversus action | compresses abdomen
🗑
|
||||
| transversus abdominis innerevation | thoracic spinal neres t8-t12, iliohypogastric nerve, ang ilioinguinial nerve
🗑
|
||||
| Quadratus lumborum origin | iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament
🗑
|
||||
| quadratis lumborun insertion | inferior boreder of rib 12 and l1-l4
🗑
|
||||
| Quadratus lumborum action | look in book
🗑
|
||||
| quadratus lumborum innervation | thoracic spinal nerves t12 and lumbar spinal nerves L1-L3 or L1-L4
🗑
|
||||
| List muscles of the thorax that assist in breathing | diaphragm, external intercostals, internal intercostals
Diaphram origin
🗑
|
||||
| Diaphram origin | xiphoid process, cost cartilage of ribes 7-12, lumbar vert and intervert disc
🗑
|
||||
| Diaphram insertion | central tendon
🗑
|
||||
| Diaphram action | look in book
🗑
|
||||
| Diapram inervation | phrenic nerve which contains axons from cervical spinal nerves c3-c5
🗑
|
||||
| external intercostals origin | inferior border of rib above
🗑
|
||||
| external intercostal insertion | superior border of rib below
🗑
|
||||
| external intercostals action | look in book
🗑
|
||||
| external intercostals innervation | thoracic spinal nerves t2-t12
🗑
|
||||
| Internal intercostals origin | superior border of rib below
🗑
|
||||
| internal intercostals insertion | inferior border of rib above
🗑
|
||||
| Internal intercostals action | look book
🗑
|
||||
| internal intercostal innervation | thoracic spinal nerves t2-t12
🗑
|
||||
| List the muscles of the pelvic floor that support the pelvic viscera and function as sphincters | levator ani, pubococcygeus, puborectalis, illiococcygeus, ishiococcygeus
🗑
|
||||
| Levator ani origin | muscle is divisible into three parts: puboccocygeus, puborectalis, illiococcygeus
🗑
|
||||
| Pubococcygeus origin | pubis and ishial spine
🗑
|
||||
| pubococcygeus insertion | coccys, urethra, anal canal, perineal body of perineum, and anococcygeal ligament
🗑
|
||||
| pubococcygeus action | refer to book
🗑
|
||||
| pubococcygeus innervation | sacral spinal nereves s2-s4
🗑
|
||||
| Puborectalis orign | posterior surface of pubic body
🗑
|
||||
| puborectalis inserion | forms a sling posterior ti the anorectl junction
🗑
|
||||
| puborectalis action | helps maintain fecal continence amd aassists in defacation
🗑
|
||||
| puborectalis innervaton | sacral spinal nerves s2-s4
🗑
|
||||
| illiococcygeus origin | ishial spine
🗑
|
||||
| illicoccygeus insertion | coccyx
🗑
|
||||
| iliiococcygeus action | same as pubococcygeus
🗑
|
||||
| iliococcygeus innervation | sacral spinal nerves s2-s4
🗑
|
||||
| Ischiococcygeus origin | ishial spine
🗑
|
||||
| ishioccocygeus insertion | lower sacrum and upper coccyx
🗑
|
||||
| ishiococcygeus action | refer to book
🗑
|
||||
| ischiococcygeus innervation | sacral spinal nerve s2-s4
🗑
|
||||
| List superficial muscles of the Perineum | superficial transverse perineal, bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernous
🗑
|
||||
| Superficial transverse perineal origin | ischial tuberosity
🗑
|
||||
| superficial transvere perineal insertion | perineal body of perineum
🗑
|
||||
| superficial transverse perineal action | stabilzes perineal body of perineum
🗑
|
||||
| superficial transverse perineal innervation | perianal branch of pudendal nerve of sacral plexus
🗑
|
||||
| Bulbospongiosus origin | perineal body of pernium
🗑
|
||||
| bUlbospongiosus insertion | perineal membrane of deep muscle of perineum , corpus spongiosumm of penis, and deep fascia on dorsum of penis in male, pubic arch and root and dorsum of clit in female
🗑
|
||||
| Bulbospongious action | helps expel urine during urination, helps prople semen along urethra, assists in erection of penis in male, contricts vaginal orfice and assits in erection of clit in fem
🗑
|
||||
| bulbospongious innervation | perineal branch of pudenial nerve and sacral plexus
🗑
|
||||
| ischiocavernous origin | ishial tuberosity and ishial and pubic rami
🗑
|
||||
| ishiocavernosus inserion | corpora vavernosa of penis in malle and clitoris in female. Pubic symphisys
🗑
|
||||
| ischiocavernosus action | maintains erection of penis in male and cli by decreasing urine drainage
🗑
|
||||
| ischiocavernosus innervation | perineal branch of pudenial nerve of sacral plexus
🗑
|
||||
| List the deep perineal muscle | deep transverse perineal, external urethral spinchter, compressor urethrae, sphincter urethroaginalis, external anal spinchter
🗑
|
||||
| deep transverse perineal origin | ishial ramus
🗑
|
||||
| deep transverse perineal inerstion | perianal body if perinum
🗑
|
||||
| deep transverse perineal action | helps expel last drops of urine and semen in male
🗑
|
||||
| deep transver perineal innervation | sacral spinal nercve s4 and inferior rectal branch of pud nerve
🗑
|
||||
| wexternal urethral sphincter orin | ishial and pubic rami
🗑
|
||||
| external urethral sphincter insertion | median raphe in male and vaginal wall female
🗑
|
||||
| emetenal urethral spincter action | helps expel last drop of urine and semen in male, and urine in female
🗑
|
||||
| compressor urethrae origin | ishiopubic ramus
🗑
|
||||
| compressor urethra insertion | blends with same muscle of oppsite side anterior to uretha
🗑
|
||||
| compressor urethra action | serves as accersory sphincter of urethra
🗑
|
||||
| compressor urethra innnervation | perineal branch of pudenal nerve of sacral plexus
🗑
|
||||
| Sphincter urethrovaginalis origin | perineal body
🗑
|
||||
| spinchter urethrovaginalis insertion | blends with same muscle of opposite side snterior to urethra
🗑
|
||||
| sphincter urethrovaginalis action | serves as accessory spincther o urethra and facilititates closing of vagina
🗑
|
||||
| sphincter urethrovaginalis innervation | perinel branch of pud nerve of sacral plexus
🗑
|
||||
| external anal sphincter origin | anococcygeal ligasment
🗑
|
||||
| external anal sphincter insertion | perianal body of perineum
🗑
|
||||
| external anal sphincter action | keeps anal canal and anus closeed
🗑
|
||||
| external anal sphincter innervation | sacral spine nerve s4 and inferior rectal branch of pud nerve
🗑
|
||||
| List anterior thoracic muscles of the thorax that move the pectoral girdle | subclavis, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior
🗑
|
||||
| subclavis origin | rib 1
🗑
|
||||
| subclavis insertion | clavicle
🗑
|
||||
| subclavis action | depresses and moves clavicle anteriorly and helps stabilize pectoral girdle.
🗑
|
||||
| subclavis innervation | subclavian nerve
🗑
|
||||
| pectoralis minor origin | rib 2-5, 3-5, or 2-4
🗑
|
||||
| pectoralis minor insertion | coracoid process of scapula
🗑
|
||||
| pectoralis minor action | abducts scapula and rotates it downward. RMA elevates ribs 3-5 during forced inhalaton when scapula is fixed
🗑
|
||||
| pectoralis minor innervation | medial pectoral nerve
🗑
|
||||
| serratus anterior origin | ribs 1-8 or 1-9
🗑
|
||||
| serratus anterior insertion | bert border and inferior angle of scapula
🗑
|
||||
| serratus anterior action | abducts scapula and rotates it upward. RMA: elevates ribs when scapula is stabilized. know as boxers muscle because it is important in horizontal arm movements such as punching and pushing
🗑
|
||||
| serratus anterior innervation | long thoracic nerve
🗑
|
||||
| list the posterior muscles of the thorax that move the pectoral girdle | trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboid major and rhomboid minor
🗑
|
||||
| trapezius origin | superior nuchal line of occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, and spines of c7-t12
🗑
|
||||
| trapezius insertion | clavicle and acromion spine of scapula
🗑
|
||||
| trapezius action | superior fibers rotate scapula, middle fibers adduct scapula; inferior fibers depress and upward rotate scapula, superior and inferior fibers together rotate scapula upward; stabilizes scapula. RMA: superior fibers can help extend head
🗑
|
||||
| trapezius innervation | accessory (XI) nerve and cervical spinal nerves c3-c5
🗑
|
||||
| levator scapulae origin | transverse processes of c1-c4
🗑
|
||||
| levator scapulae insertion | superior vertebral border of scapula
🗑
|
||||
| levator scapulae action | eleates scapula and rotates it downward
🗑
|
||||
| levator scapulae innervation | dorsal scapular nerve and cervical spinal nerves c3-c5
🗑
|
||||
| rhomboid major origin | spines of spines of t2-t5
🗑
|
||||
| rhomboid major insertion | vert border of scapula inferior to spine
🗑
|
||||
| rhomboid major action | elevates and adducts scapula and rotates it downward, stabilizes scapula
🗑
|
||||
| rhomboid major innervation | dorsal scapular nerve
🗑
|
||||
| rhomboid minor origin | spines of c7-t1
🗑
|
||||
| rhomboid minor insertion | vert border of scapula superior to spine
🗑
|
||||
| rhomboid minor innervation | dorsal scapular nerve
🗑
|
||||
| list the axial muscles that move the humerus | pectoralis major, latissmus dorsi
🗑
|
||||
| Pectoralis major origin | clavicular head, sternum, costal cartilages of ribs 2-6 amd sometimes ribs 1-7 (sternocostal head)
🗑
|
||||
| pectoralis major insertion | greater tubrecule aamd lateral lip or intertubecular sulcus of humerus
🗑
|
||||
| pectoralis major action | as a whole, adducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint, clavicular head flex arm, sternocostal head extends flexed arm to side of trunk
🗑
|
||||
| pectoralis major innervation | medial and lateral pectoral nerves
🗑
|
||||
| lassimus dorsi origin | spines of t7- L5, lumbar vertebrae, crests of sacrum and ilium, ribs 9-12 via thoracolumbar fascia
🗑
|
||||
| latissmus dorsi insertion | intertubecolar sulcus of humerus
🗑
|
||||
| latissmus dorsi action | extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint, draws arm inferiorly and posteriorly. Rma: elevates vert column and torso
🗑
|
||||
| lattismus dorsi innervation | thoracodorsal nerve
🗑
|
||||
| list the scapular muscles that move the humerus | deltoid, subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres ,ajor, teres minor, coracobrachialis
🗑
|
||||
| deltoin origin | acromial exteremity of clavicle (anterior fibers) acromion of scapula and spine of scapula
🗑
|
||||
| deltoid insertion | deltoid tuberosity of humerus
🗑
|
||||
| deltoid action | lateral fibers abduct arm at shoulder joint, posterior fibes extend laterally rotate arm at shoulder jooint
🗑
|
||||
| deltoid innervation | axillary nerve
🗑
|
||||
| suscapularis origin | subscapular fossa of scapula
🗑
|
||||
| subscapularis insertion | lesser tubercule of humerus
🗑
|
||||
| subscapularis action | medially rotates arm at shoulder joint
🗑
|
||||
| SUBSCAPULARIS INERVATION | UPPER AND LOWER SUBSCAPULAR NERVE
🗑
|
||||
| infraspinatus origin | infraspinous fossa of scapula
🗑
|
||||
| infraspinatus insertion | greater tubercule of humerus
🗑
|
||||
| infraspinatus action | laterally rotates arm at shoulder joint
🗑
|
||||
| infraspinatus innervation | suprascapular nerve
🗑
|
||||
| Teres major origin | inferior angle of scapula
🗑
|
||||
| Teres major insertion | medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
🗑
|
||||
| teres major action | extends arm at shoulder joint and assists in adduction and medial rotation of arm at shoulder joint
🗑
|
||||
| teres major innervation | lower subscapular nerve
🗑
|
||||
| teres minor origin | inferior lateral border of scapula
🗑
|
||||
| teres minor insertion | greater tubercle of humerus
🗑
|
||||
| teres minor action | laterally rotates and extends arm at shoulder joint
🗑
|
||||
| teres minor innervation | axillary nerve
🗑
|
||||
| coracobarachialis origin | coracoid process of scapula
🗑
|
||||
| coracobrachialis insertion | middle surface of medial surface of shaft of humerus
🗑
|
||||
| coracobrachailis action | flexes and adducts arm at shoulder joint
🗑
|
||||
| coracobrachialis innervation | musculocutaneous nerve
🗑
|
||||
| supraspinatus origin | supraspious fosa of scapula
🗑
|
||||
| supraspinatus insertion | greater tubercle of humerus
🗑
|
||||
| supraspinatus action | assist deltoid muscle on abducting arm at shoulder joint
🗑
|
||||
| supraspinatus inervation | suprascaplar nerve
🗑
|
||||
| List the muscles of the arm that move the radius and ulna | biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, triceps brachii, anconeus, pronator teres, pronator quadratus, supinator
🗑
|
||||
| Forearm flexors | biceps brachaii, brachialis, brachioradialis
🗑
|
||||
| forearm extensors | triceps brachii, anconeus
🗑
|
||||
| forearm pronators | pronator teres, pronatos quadratus
🗑
|
||||
| forearm suponator | supinator
🗑
|
||||
| biceps brachii origin | long head ooriginates from tubercule above glenoid cavity of scapula (supraglenoid tubercule)
🗑
|
||||
| biceps brachii insertion | radial tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis
🗑
|
||||
| biceps brachii action | flexes forearm at elbow joint, supinates forearm at radioulnar joints, and flexes arm at shoulder joint
🗑
|
||||
| biceps brachii innervation | flexes forearm at elbow joint , supinates forearm at radioulnar joints, and flexes arm at sholder joint
🗑
|
||||
| biceps brachii innervation | musculocutaneous nerve
🗑
|
||||
| brachialis origin | distal anterior surface of humerus
🗑
|
||||
| brachialis insertion | ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna
🗑
|
||||
| brachialis action | flexes at elbow joint
🗑
|
||||
| brachialis innervation | musculocutanous and radial nerve
🗑
|
||||
| brachioradialis origin | lat boredr of distal end of humerus
🗑
|
||||
| bracioradialis insertion | superior to styloid process of radius
🗑
|
||||
| brachioradialis action | flexes forearm at elbow joint, supinates and pronates forearm at radioulnar joints to neutral position
🗑
|
||||
| brachioradialis innervation | radial nerve
🗑
|
||||
| triceps brachii origin | long head originates from infraglenoid tubercle , a projection inferior to glenoid cavity of scapula. Lat head origin from lat and post surface of humerus. Medial head originates from entire posterior surface of humerus infe to a grove for the radia nerve
🗑
|
||||
| triceps brachii insertion | olecranon of ulna
🗑
|
||||
| triceps brachii action | extends forearm at elbow and extends arm at shoulder joint
🗑
|
||||
| triceps brachii innervation | radial nerve
🗑
|
||||
| anconeus origin | lat epicondyle of humerus
🗑
|
||||
| anconeus insertion | olecranon and superior portion of ulna shaft
🗑
|
||||
| anconeus action | extends forearm at elbow joint
🗑
|
||||
| anconeus innerveation | radfial nerve
🗑
|
||||
| pronator teres origin | med epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
🗑
|
||||
| pronator teres insertion | midlateral surface of radius
🗑
|
||||
| pronator teres action | pronates forearm at radioulnar joint and weakly flexes forearm at elbow joint
🗑
|
||||
| pronator teres innervation | median nerve
🗑
|
||||
| pronator QUADRATUS ORIGIN | DISTAL PORTION OF ULNA
🗑
|
||||
| PRONATOR QUAD INSERTION | DISTAL PORTION OF RADIUS SHARFT
🗑
|
||||
| PRONATOR QUAD ACTION | PRONATES FOREARM AT RADIOULNAR JONT
🗑
|
||||
| PRONATOR QUAD INNERVATION | MEDIAN NERVE
🗑
|
||||
| supinator origin | lat epicondyle of humerus and ridge near radial notch of ulna (supinator crest)
🗑
|
||||
| supinator insertion | lat surf of proximal one third of radius
🗑
|
||||
| supinator innervation | deep radial nerve
🗑
|
||||
| supinator action | supinates forearm at radioulnar joint
🗑
|
||||
| List muscles of the forearm that move wrist, hand, thumb and digits | superficial anterior (flexor) compartment of the forearm, deep anterior (flexor) compartment of the forearm
🗑
|
||||
| List superficial anterior compartment of the forearm | flexo carpi radialis, palamaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficial
🗑
|
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