Female Reproductive System - Q – Gynecologic Diagnostic Tests & Procedures & A –

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Question

Answer

biopsy (Bx)

removal of tissue for microscopic pathologic examination

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aspiration biopsy

needle draw of tissue or fluid from a cavity for cytologic examination

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endoscopic biopsy

removal of a specimen for biopsy during an endoscopic procedure (e.g., colposcopy)

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excisional biopsy

removal of an entire lesion for microscopic examination

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incisional biopsy

removal of a piece of suspicious tissue for microscopic examination (e.g., cervical or endometrial biopsy)

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stereotactic breast biopsy

use of x-ray imaging, a specialized stereotactic frame, and a computer to calculate, precisely locate, and direct a needle into a breast lesion to remove a core specimen for biopsy

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sentinel node breast biopsy

biopsy of the sentinel node (the first lymph node to receive lymphatic drainage from a tumor) in a breast with early cancer to determine metastases and, if no malignancy is found, to avoid the extensive removal of axillary nodes, which causes lymphedema (

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colposcopy

examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope, a specialized microscope which often has a camera attachment for photographs; used to document findings and for follow-up treatments

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hysteroscopy

use of a hysteroscope to examine the intrauterine cavity for assessment of abnormalities (e.g., polyps, fibroids, or anomalies)

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magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

use of nonionizing images to detect gynecologic conditions (e.g., anomalies of the pelvis or soft tissues of the breast) or to stage tumors arising from the endometrium or cervix

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Papanicolaou (Pap) smear

study of cells collected from the cervix to screen for cancer and other abnormalities

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radiography

x-ray imaging

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hysterosalpingogram

x-ray of the fallopian tubes after injection of a contrast medium through the cervix; used to determine tubal patency (openness)

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mammogram

low-dose x-ray imaging of breast tissue to detect neoplasms

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pelvic sonography

ultrasound imaging of the female pelvis

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endovaginal sonogram

ultrasound image of the uterus, tubes, and ovaries made with the ultrasonic transducer within the vagina to detect conditions such as ectopic pregnancy or missed abortion

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sonohysterogram

transvaginal sonographic image made as sterile saline is injected into the uterus; used to assess uterine pathology or to determine tubal patency

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transabdominal

ultrasound image of the lower abdomen, including the bladder, uterus, tubes, and ovaries, to detect conditions such as cysts and tumors

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