Vertebrate teminology
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| Anatomy | study of structure
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| morphology | structure and function. what is it like? how does it work? why important?
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| What to compare | historical evolutionary origins, functional adaptations, embryology, relationships between size and function.
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| history of anatomy | cave paintings, Egyptians- mummification process, Aristotle(father of anatomy)
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| Galen | 200 AD. First writings. leads to a long period of time of unchanged views of anatomy.
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| Vesalius | 1530 AD. more detailed drawings. showed differences
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| assumptions in comparative anatomy | 1.continuity of structure derived from previously existing structures.2.adaptation and constraints.3.common ancestry-no living forms evolved from other presently living forms.4.competition-derives differences, more competition=more differences
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| vestigial structures | reduced, not used, may be gone. ex-appendix
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| phylogeny | evolutionary tree.hypothesis about evolutionary relationships.
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| synapomorphy | homolgies. shared derived characteristics used in constructing a phylogeny
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| derived | more recent development
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| homology | features in 2 more more organisms derived from common ancestors;common ancestry.
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| analogy | features of 2 or more organisms that perform a similar function;common function.ex-bird wings,butterfly wings
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| homoplasy | features in 2 or more organisms that look alike;similar in appearance. superficial function.ex-leaf insect,actual leaf
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| primitive is not simple | old vs.complexity.can be primitive and complex
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| specialized structures | ex;apposible thumbs vs.humerous.more intuned with particular purpose
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| unspecialized structure | more general purpose. looks similar in many species. more homologous.
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| fossils | bones.eggs-idea of size of nests.skin impressions-outercoverings of species.muscle attachments-know how animal moved.foot prints-animal behavior.position-how they became fossilized.stratigraphy-find index fossils
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Created by:
ejohnson17
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