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Compatative anatomy

Vertebrate teminology

QuestionAnswer
Anatomy study of structure
morphology structure and function. what is it like? how does it work? why important?
What to compare historical evolutionary origins, functional adaptations, embryology, relationships between size and function.
history of anatomy cave paintings, Egyptians- mummification process, Aristotle(father of anatomy)
Galen 200 AD. First writings. leads to a long period of time of unchanged views of anatomy.
Vesalius 1530 AD. more detailed drawings. showed differences
assumptions in comparative anatomy 1.continuity of structure derived from previously existing structures.2.adaptation and constraints.3.common ancestry-no living forms evolved from other presently living forms.4.competition-derives differences, more competition=more differences
vestigial structures reduced, not used, may be gone. ex-appendix
phylogeny evolutionary tree.hypothesis about evolutionary relationships.
synapomorphy homolgies. shared derived characteristics used in constructing a phylogeny
derived more recent development
homology features in 2 more more organisms derived from common ancestors;common ancestry.
analogy features of 2 or more organisms that perform a similar function;common function.ex-bird wings,butterfly wings
homoplasy features in 2 or more organisms that look alike;similar in appearance. superficial function.ex-leaf insect,actual leaf
primitive is not simple old vs.complexity.can be primitive and complex
specialized structures ex;apposible thumbs vs.humerous.more intuned with particular purpose
unspecialized structure more general purpose. looks similar in many species. more homologous.
fossils bones.eggs-idea of size of nests.skin impressions-outercoverings of species.muscle attachments-know how animal moved.foot prints-animal behavior.position-how they became fossilized.stratigraphy-find index fossils
Created by: ejohnson17
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