Nervous System & Psychiatry - Q – Diagnostic Terms & A – Meaning

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.

Help!

Question

Answer

agnosia

any of many types of loss of neurologic function involving interpretation of sensory information

🗑

astereognosis

inability to judge the form of an object by touch (e.g., a coin from a key)

🗑

atopognosis

inability to locate a sensation properly, such as an inability to locate a point touched on the body

🗑

Alzheimer disease

disease of structural changes in the brain resulting in an irreversible deterioration that progresses from forgetfulness and disorientation to loss of all intellectual functions, total disability, and death

🗑

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

condition of progressive deterioration of motor nerve cells resulting in total loss of voluntary muscle control; symptoms advance from muscle weakness in the arms and legs, to the muscles of speech, swallowing, and breathing, to total paralysis and death;

🗑

cerebral palsy (CP)

condition of motor dysfunction caused by damage to the cerebrum during development or injury at birth; characterized by partial paralysis and lack of muscle coordination (palsy =)

🗑

cerebrovascular disease

disorder resulting from a change within one or more blood vessels of the brain

🗑

cerebral arteriosclerosis

hardening of the arteries of the brain

🗑

cerebral atherosclerosis

condition of lipid (fat) buildup within the blood vessels of the brain (ather/o = fatty [lipid] paste)

🗑

cerebral aneurysm

dilation of a blood vessel in the brain (aneurysm = dilation or widening)

🗑

cerebral thrombosis

presence of a stationary clot in a blood vessel of the brain

🗑

cerebral embolism

obstruction of a blood vessel in the brain by an embolus transported through the circulation

🗑

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

damage to the brain caused by cerebrovascular disease, such as occlusion of a blood vessel by a thrombus or embolus (ischemic stroke) or intracranial hemorrhage after rupture of an aneurysm (hemorrhagic stroke)

🗑

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

brief episode of loss of blood flow to the brain, usually caused by a partial occlusion that results in temporary neurologic deficit (impairment); often precedes a CVA

🗑

encephalitis

inflammation of the brain

🗑

epilepsy

disorder affecting the central nervous system; characterized by recurrent seizures

🗑

tonic-clonic seizure

stiffening-jerking; a major motor seizure involving all muscle groups; previously termed grand mal (big bad) seizure

🗑

absence seizure

seizure involving a brief loss of consciousness without motor involvement; previously termed petit mal (little bad) seizure

🗑

partial seizure

seizure involving only limited areas of the brain with localized symptoms

🗑

glioma

tumor of glial cells graded according to degree of malignancy

🗑

herniated disk or disc

protrusion of a degenerated or fragmented intervertebral disk so that the nucleus pulposus protrudes, causing compression on the nerve root

🗑

herpes zoster

viral disease affecting the peripheral nerves, characterized by painful blisters that spread over the skin following the affected nerves, usually unilateral; also known as shingles

🗑

Huntington chorea

hereditary disease of the central nervous system characterized by bizarre, involuntary body movements and progressive dementia (choros = dance)

🗑

hydrocephalus

abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain as a result of developmental anomalies, infection, injury, or tumor

🗑

meningioma

benign tumor of the coverings of the brain (the meninges)

🗑

meningitis

inflammation of the meninges

🗑

migraine headache

paroxysmal (sudden, periodic) attacks of mostly unilateral headache, often accompanied by disordered vision, nausea, or vomiting, lasting hours or days and caused by dilation of arteries

🗑

multiple sclerosis (MS)

disease of the central nervous system characterized by the demyelination (deterioration of the myelin sheath) of nerve fibers, with episodes of neurologic dysfunction (exacerbation) followed by recovery (remission)

🗑

myasthenia gravis

autoimmune disorder that affects the neuromuscular junction, causing a progressive decrease in muscle strength; activity resumes and strength returns after a period of rest

🗑

myelitis

inflammation of the spinal cord

🗑

narcolepsy

sleep disorder characterized by a sudden, uncontrollable need to sleep, attacks of paralysis (cataplexy), and dreams intruding while awake (hypnagogic hallucinations)

🗑

neural tube defects

congenital deformities of the brain and spinal cord caused by incomplete development of the neural tube, the embryonic structure that forms the nervous system

🗑

anencephaly

defect in closure of the cephalic portion of the neural tube that results in incomplete development of the brain and bones of the skull; the most drastic neural tube defect usually results in a stillbirth

🗑

spina bifida

defect in development of the spinal column characterized by the absence of vertebral arches, often resulting in pouching of the meninges (meningocele) or of the meninges and spinal cord (meningomyelocele); considered to be the most common neural tube defe

🗑

Parkinson disease

condition of slowly progressive degeneration in an area of the brainstem (substantia nigra) resulting in a decrease of dopamine (a chemical neurotransmitter necessary for proper movement); characterized by tremor, rigidity of muscles, and slow movements (

🗑

plegia

paralysis

🗑

hemiplegia

paralysis on one side of the body

🗑

paraplegia

paralysis from the waist down

🗑

quadriplegia

paralysis of all four limbs

🗑

poliomyelitis

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus, often resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis (polio = gray)

🗑

polyneuritis

inflammation involving two or more nerves, often caused by a nutritional deficiency, such as lack of thiamine

🗑

sleep apnea

periods of breathing cessation (10 seconds or more) that occur during sleep, often causing snoring

🗑

Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.

To hide a column, click on the column name.

To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.

You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.

Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.

Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

Normal Size Small Size show me how

Created by: MT student1

Popular Anatomy sets

(PCSOM) Med Term Block 1, 2, 3, & 4

Anatomy & Physiology I - Chapter 5: The Integumentary System

Anatomy - Muscles

Anatomical positions and directional terms

Anatomy & Physiology I - Chapter 7: The Skeleton

Anatomical Terminology

Anatomy & Physiology I - Chapter 4 Tissue: The Living Fabric

Anatomy & Physiology I - Chapter 6: Bone and Skeletal Tissue

12 Cranial Nerve

Anatomy & Physiology I - Chapter 3 Cells: The Living Units

Body Cavities, Abdominal Regions & Quadrants

MAJOR ENDOCRINE GLANDS & HORMONES