Chapter one Anatomy and Physiology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Anatomy | show 🗑
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| Physiology | show 🗑
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| Surface Anatomy | show 🗑
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| show | Study of Structures that can be examined without using a microscope.
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| show | Study of Structures of specific systems of the body such as the nervous or the respiratory systems.
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| show | Study of Specific regious of the body such as the head or chest.
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| show | Study of Hormones(chemical regulators in the blood) and how they control body function.
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| Immunology | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Chemical Level2. Cellular Level3. Tissue Level4. Organ Level5. System Level6. Organismal Level
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| show | Contains Atoms and Molecules
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| Atoms | show 🗑
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| show | Two or more atoms joined together
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| show | Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Calcium, Sulfer
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| Two molecules found in the body | show 🗑
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| show | DNA - Genetic material passed from one generation to the next
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| Glucose | show 🗑
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| Cellular Level | show 🗑
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| show | The basic structural and functional units of an organism
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| show | 1. Muscle Cells2. Nerve Cells3. Epithelial Cells
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| Tissue Level / Tissue | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Epithelial Tissue2. Connective Tissue3. Muscular Tissue4. Nervous Tissue
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| Organ Level | show 🗑
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| show | Structures that are composed of two or more different types of tissues; they have specific functions and usually have recognizable shapes.
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| show | Consists of related organs with a common function. AKA Organ-system level
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| show | Any Living Individuel, which includes all the parts of the human body functioning together to constitue the entire organism.
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| show | Feels the body surfaces with the hands
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| show | Listens to the body sounds to evaluate the functioning of certain organs
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| Percussion | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Metabolism2. Responsiveness3. Movement4. Growth5. Differentiation6. Reproduction
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| show | sum of all the chemical processes that occur in the body. Includes Catabolism and Anabolism.
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| Catabolism | show 🗑
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| show | Building up of complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler components.
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| show | Body's ability to detect and respond to changes. Nerve cells respond by generating electrical signals (nerve impulses). Muscles cells respond by contracting which generates movement.
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| show | Motion of the whole body, individual organs, single cells, and tiny structures inside cells.
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| Growth | show 🗑
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| Differentiation | show 🗑
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| Stem cells | show 🗑
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| show | Formation of new cells for tissue growth, repair or replacement or to the production of a new individual.
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| Homeostasis | show 🗑
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| show | To maintain the volume and composition of body fluids, dilute, watery solutions containing dissolved chemicals that are found inside cells as well as surrounding them.
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| Intracellular Fluid (ICF) | show 🗑
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| Extracellular Fluid (ECF) | show 🗑
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| show | ECF that fills the narrow spaces between cells of tissues.
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| Blood Plasma | show 🗑
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| show | ECF within lymphatic vessels
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| Cerebrospinal Fluid | show 🗑
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| show | ECF in joints
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| Aqueous Humor and Vitreous Body | show 🗑
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| show | Smallest blood vessels in the body.
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| show | Nervous system regulates homeostasis by sending electrical signals known as nerve impulses to organs that can counteract changes from the balanced state.
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| Control of Homeostasis - Endrocrine | show 🗑
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| show | Nerve impulses cause rapid changes; Hormones more slowly.
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| show | Cycle of events in which the status of a body condition is monitored, evaluated, changed, remonitored, reevaluated, and so on.
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| show | Each monitored variable such as body temp, blood pressure
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| Stimulus | show 🗑
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| Feedback system has 3 basic components | show 🗑
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| Receptor | show 🗑
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| show | Sets the range of values within which a controlled condition should be maintained, evaluates the input it receives from receptors, and generates output commands when needed.
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| Output | show 🗑
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| Effector | show 🗑
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| Negative Feedback System | show 🗑
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| Example of negative feedback | show 🗑
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| show | Strengthen or reinforce a change in one of teh body's controlled conditions
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| show | 1. Child Birth2. Lactation3. Blood Clotting
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| show | Any abnormality of structure or function.
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| Disease | show 🗑
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| show | Subjective changes in body fuctions that are not apparent to an observer
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| Signs | show 🗑
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| show | Science that deals with why, when and where diseases occur and how they are transmitted
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| show | Science that deals with effects and uses of drugs in teh treatment of disease.
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| Diagnosis | show 🗑
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| Anatomical Position | show 🗑
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| Prone | show 🗑
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| show | Body lying face up
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| Directional Terms | show 🗑
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| Superior (CEPHALIC OR CRANIAL) | show 🗑
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| show | Away from the head or the lower part of a structure
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| Anterior (Ventral) | show 🗑
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| Posterior (Dorsal) | show 🗑
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| Medial | show 🗑
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| show | Farther from the midline
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| Intermediate | show 🗑
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| Ipsilateral | show 🗑
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| Contralateral | show 🗑
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| Proximal | show 🗑
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| Distal | show 🗑
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| show | Toward or on the surface of the body
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| show | Away from the surface of the body
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