Chapter 1 Notes
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is anatomy? | the study of the structures of body parts, their forms, and organization
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| What is physiology? | the study of the functions of body parts, what they do, and how they do it
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| Structure equals | function
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| List the levels of organization. | subatomic particles, atoms, molecules, macromolecules, organelles, cells, tissue, organs, organ systems, and organism
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| What is metabolism? | all chemical reactions in an organism that support life
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| What are the characteristics of life? | movement, responsiveness, growth, reproduction, respiration, digestion, absorption, circulation, assimilation, and excretion.
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| Whar are the requirements of all organisms to maintain life? | water, food, oxygen, heat, and pressure
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| What is homeostasis? | the body's maintenance of a stable internal environment
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| How does the body maintain homeostasis? | homeostatic mechanisms
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| What are the parts of a homeostatic mechanism? | receptor, control center, and effector
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| What is a negative feedback mechanism? | when your body moves conditions back towards the set point and then stop
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| Give an example of a negative feedback. | when your body moves away from 98.6 F, your body gets it back to that temperature, then the feedback stops
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| What is a positive feedback mechanism? | when your body moves conditions away from the set point
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| Give an example of a positive feedback | child labor, and blood clotting
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| What is the axial body cavity and what does it contain? | its the cavity that contains other cavities in your head, neck, and trunk
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| What is the appendicular cavity and what does it contain | its the cavity that contains your upper and lower limbs
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| What type of membrane lines the walls of body cavities? | serous membranes
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| parietal | outside of membrane
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| visceral | against organ
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| List the 12 body systems. | integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, digestive, respiratory, urinary, excretion, and reproductive
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| What is the correct anatomical position? | standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs at side, palms forward
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| superior | above
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| inferior | below
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| anterior | toward front
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| posterior | toward back
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| medial | towards midline
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| lateral | toward the side
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| bilateral | both sides
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| ipsilateral | same side
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| contralateral | opposite side
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| proximal | closer to point of attachment
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| distal | further from point of attachment
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| superficial | near surface
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| deep | more internal
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| sagittal disection | divides into left and right
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| transverse dissection | divides into superior and inferior
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| frontal dissection | divides into anterior and posterior
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| abdominal | between thorax and pelvis
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| acromial | point of the shoulder
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| antebrachial | forearm
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| antecubital | space in front of elbow
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| axillary | armpit
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| brachial | arm
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| buccal | cheek
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| carpal | wrist
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| celiac | abdomen
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| cephalic | head
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| cervical | neck
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| costal | ribs
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| coxal | hip
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| crural | leg
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| cubital | elbow
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| digital | finger or toe
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| dorsum | back
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| femoral | thigh
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| frontal | forehead
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| genital | reproductive organs
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| gluteal | buttocks
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| inguinal | depressed area of abdominal wall near the thigh
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| lumbar | lower back
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| mammary | breast
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| mental | chin
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| nasal | nose
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| occipital | lower back of head
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| oral | mouth
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| orbital | eye
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| otic | ear
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| palmar | palm of hand
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| patellar | front of knee
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| pectoral | chest
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| pedal | foot
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| pelvic | pelvis
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| perineal | between anus and genitals
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| plantar | sole of foot
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| popliteal | back of knee
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| sacral | posterior region between hip bones
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| sternal | middle of thorax
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| sural | calf of leg
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| tarsal | ankle
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| umbilical | navel
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| vertebral | spinal column
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