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Chapter 1 Notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is anatomy? | the study of the structures of body parts, their forms, and organization |
| What is physiology? | the study of the functions of body parts, what they do, and how they do it |
| Structure equals | function |
| List the levels of organization. | subatomic particles, atoms, molecules, macromolecules, organelles, cells, tissue, organs, organ systems, and organism |
| What is metabolism? | all chemical reactions in an organism that support life |
| What are the characteristics of life? | movement, responsiveness, growth, reproduction, respiration, digestion, absorption, circulation, assimilation, and excretion. |
| Whar are the requirements of all organisms to maintain life? | water, food, oxygen, heat, and pressure |
| What is homeostasis? | the body's maintenance of a stable internal environment |
| How does the body maintain homeostasis? | homeostatic mechanisms |
| What are the parts of a homeostatic mechanism? | receptor, control center, and effector |
| What is a negative feedback mechanism? | when your body moves conditions back towards the set point and then stop |
| Give an example of a negative feedback. | when your body moves away from 98.6 F, your body gets it back to that temperature, then the feedback stops |
| What is a positive feedback mechanism? | when your body moves conditions away from the set point |
| Give an example of a positive feedback | child labor, and blood clotting |
| What is the axial body cavity and what does it contain? | its the cavity that contains other cavities in your head, neck, and trunk |
| What is the appendicular cavity and what does it contain | its the cavity that contains your upper and lower limbs |
| What type of membrane lines the walls of body cavities? | serous membranes |
| parietal | outside of membrane |
| visceral | against organ |
| List the 12 body systems. | integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, digestive, respiratory, urinary, excretion, and reproductive |
| What is the correct anatomical position? | standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs at side, palms forward |
| superior | above |
| inferior | below |
| anterior | toward front |
| posterior | toward back |
| medial | towards midline |
| lateral | toward the side |
| bilateral | both sides |
| ipsilateral | same side |
| contralateral | opposite side |
| proximal | closer to point of attachment |
| distal | further from point of attachment |
| superficial | near surface |
| deep | more internal |
| sagittal disection | divides into left and right |
| transverse dissection | divides into superior and inferior |
| frontal dissection | divides into anterior and posterior |
| abdominal | between thorax and pelvis |
| acromial | point of the shoulder |
| antebrachial | forearm |
| antecubital | space in front of elbow |
| axillary | armpit |
| brachial | arm |
| buccal | cheek |
| carpal | wrist |
| celiac | abdomen |
| cephalic | head |
| cervical | neck |
| costal | ribs |
| coxal | hip |
| crural | leg |
| cubital | elbow |
| digital | finger or toe |
| dorsum | back |
| femoral | thigh |
| frontal | forehead |
| genital | reproductive organs |
| gluteal | buttocks |
| inguinal | depressed area of abdominal wall near the thigh |
| lumbar | lower back |
| mammary | breast |
| mental | chin |
| nasal | nose |
| occipital | lower back of head |
| oral | mouth |
| orbital | eye |
| otic | ear |
| palmar | palm of hand |
| patellar | front of knee |
| pectoral | chest |
| pedal | foot |
| pelvic | pelvis |
| perineal | between anus and genitals |
| plantar | sole of foot |
| popliteal | back of knee |
| sacral | posterior region between hip bones |
| sternal | middle of thorax |
| sural | calf of leg |
| tarsal | ankle |
| umbilical | navel |
| vertebral | spinal column |
Created by:
wmisaacharris
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