Greek Mythology
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| Chaos | -Matter without form
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| Gaia | -(Earth) Goddess of Earth
-Born from Chaos
-Gives birth to Uranus, Mountains, and Sea
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| Tartarus | Giant endless pit- Created by Chaos
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| Uranus | -(Sky)God of the Sky
-Born from Gaia and Marries Gaia
-Castrated by his son Cronus and from his genitals-Aphrodite is born.
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| Hieros Gamos | -Sacred Marriage of Uranus and Gaia
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| Titans | -12 children born from Uranus and Gaia
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| Titaness Themis | -Goddess of Justice
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| Titan Oceanus and Titaness Tethys | -God and Goddess of the Sea
-Brother and sister who marry
-parents of the Oceanids(3,000 girls) and River Gods(3,000 boys)
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| Titan Hyperion | -Lord of the Sun
-Marries his sister Titaness Theia
-Has 3 children: Selene, Eos, and Helios
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| Selene | -Goddess of the Moon (born from Hyperion)
-Drives a chariot w/ 2 horses, dragging the moon across the sky.
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| Eos | -(Aurora)Goddess of the Dawn(born from Hyperion
-Also drives a chariot across the sky
-Falls in love w/ mortal Tithonus-granted immortality w/out eternal youth...
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| Helios | -God of the Sun
-Born from Hyperion
-Also drives chariot across the sky, explaining why the sun goes from East to West
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| Titaness Mnemosyne | -Goddess of Memory
-1st girlfriend of Zeus
-Bears Zeus 9 children: 'The Nine Muses'
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| Titan Cronus | -(Saturn) God of the Sky
-Marries Rhea
-Castrates his father Uranus
-Overthrown by his Son Zeus for eating his children(Zeus's brothers and sisters)
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| Titaness Rhea | -Goddess of the Earth and Fertility
-Cronus's Wife
-Mother of Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, and Zeus
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| Zeus | -(Jupiter) Ruler of the Universe
-Supreme God of Sky, Mountains, Kings, Hospitality, Thunder and Lightening, Moral Behavior, Storerooms, and Orderliness
-In Art: Bearded, Thunderbolt, Eagle
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| Titanomachy | -WAR: Zeus VS. the Titans
(Gaia wants control)
-Battle where Zeus and the Olympians defeat Cronus and the Titans
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| Giantomachy | -War: Zeus and the Olympians VS. the Giants
(Giants created by Gaia)
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| Typhoeus | -Snake Monster
-Created by Gaia as last attempt to defeat Zeus
-Zeus Won
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| Prometheus | -Creator of Mankind
-Son of Titaness Themis
-Stole fire from the Gods to warm human race -Punished by Zeus; chained to a rock and his liver eaten by an eagle daily.
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| Pandora | -Created by Zeus:She is the first Woman
-Sent to Earth w/ a jar containing ALL that is evil/told not to open/ and she does.
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| Ganymede | -Cupbearer of the Gods
-Trojan prince kidnapped by Zeus
-Zeus's male love affair
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| IO | -Love affair of Zeus's
-Zeus turns her into a cow after Hera suspects adultery
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| Metis | -Goddess of Wisdom
-Love affair w/ Zeus and is swallowed by him
after becoming pregnant
-Mother to Athena
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| Semele | -Love affair w/ Zeus
-Killed by Zeus's lightening bolt
-Son: Dionysus is born from Zeus's leg
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| Europa | -Love affair w/ Zeus
-Taken by Zeus in the form of a Bull and rides off Crete
-Son: King Minos of Crete
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| Hera | -(Juno) Goddess of Marriage and Wives
-Zeus's Wife
-Symbols: Peacock, Cows, and Cuckoo bird
-Children w/ Zeus: Hephaestus, Ares , Eileithyia, and Hebe
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| IO | -Love affair w/ Zeus in the form of a mist
-Suspicions by Hera, so Zeus turns her into a cow
-Hera takes cow(Io) to be watched over by Argus
-Rescued by Hermes after he bores Argus to death
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| Pan | -God of the Shepards/forests
-Goatlike Creature w/ horns and tail
-Very bi-sexual and seduces animals
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| Hestia | -(Vesta) Goddess of Fire and Hearth
-Daughter of Cronus and Rhea
-Zeus's Sister
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| Eileiytheia | -Goddess of Childbirth(assists in childbirth)
-Daughter of Zeus and Hera
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| Hebe | -Cupbearer to the Gods(Replaced by Ganymede)
-Daughter of Zeus and Hera
-Marries Heracles on Mt. Olympus
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| Hephaestus | -(Vulcan) God of fire and craftsmanship
-Son of Zeus and Hera
-Lame (poor legs)
-Marries Aphrodite & catches her cheating w/ Ares
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| Eris | -Goddess of Strike/Discord
-Child of Nyx(night)
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| Nemesis | -Goddess of Retribution/Fate
(Evil pursuing fate)
-Child of Nyx (night)
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| Tyche | Goddess of Fortune and Chance
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| The Three Fates(Moirai) | -Clotho, Lachesis, & Atropos
-Spinners and Weavers of life's existence
-Daughters of Zeus and Titaness Themis
-Clotho spins thread(substance), Lachesis measures it(length), and Atropos cuts(ends)
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| The Nine(9) Muses | -Patron Goddesses of Arts and Crafts
-Daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne
-Inspire others through each of their indivudual traits
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| Ares | -(Mars) God of War
-Represents worst aspects of war:bloodshed, fear, and death.
-Son of Zeus and Hera
-in Art: Has an entourage of pain, strife, & panic and wears a helmet
-Father of Eros(cupid) w/ Aphrodite
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| Eros | -(Cupid) God of Love
-Always has wings & bows and arrows
-Becomes younger w/ time- eventually an infant
-Son of Aphrodite and Ares
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| Psyche | -Falls in love with and Marries Eros
-She disobeys contract of marriage and has a number of deeds to accomplish before gaining his love back(per Aphrodite)
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| Aphrodite | -(Venus) Goddess of Love, Sex & Procreation, beauty and passion 'Fertility Goddess'
-Marries Hephaestus but falls in love w/ Ares
-In Art: Naked, washing herself, and seen w/ 3 Graces & Horae
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| Pripas | -God of Fertility/ or phallic God of Gardens
-Son of Aphrodite/father: Hermes, Zeus, or Pan?
-Always has very large penis
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| The Three Graces | -(or Charites)
-Aphrodite's attendants
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| The Horae | -The Hours/The Seasons
-daughters of Zeus and Themis
-Attendants to Aphrodite
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| Pygmalion | - Sculpture who created ivory statue of Galatea
-Aphrodite answered prayers- bringing her to life
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| Adonis | -Resurrection God
-Son of Cinyras and Myrrah (father and daughter); Born from a tree
-Avid Hunter whom Aphrodite falls in love with
-Gets attacked, dies, and from his blood sprung the first Anemone flower.
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| Anchises | -A mortal Trojan prince
-Seduced by Aphrodite posing as a virgin mortal
-Son w/ Aphrodite : Aeneas
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| Aphrodite Urania | - Aphrodite born from Uranus's genitals
-Represents sacred, spiritual side of love and passion
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| Aphrodite Pandemos | - Aphrodite born from Zeus and Dione(female Zeus)
-Represents the physical side(s) of satisfaction and attraction
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| Poseidon | -(Neptune) God of the Sea, Horses, and Earthquakes
-Son of Cronus and Rhea/ Brother to Zeus
-Husband to Amphitrite (a Nereid)
-Rides a chariot pulled by Hippocampuses, carries a trident, bearded, aquatic settings
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| Titan Oceanus and Titaness Tethys | -Titan Brother and sister who marry
-Children of Uranus and Gaia
-Parents to the Oceanids
-Oceanus has crab-claw horns
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| Nereus | -(Proteus)Old man of the sea
-Foretells the future
-Shapeshifter
-Ruled the ocean before Poseidon
- Father to the 50 Nereids
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| Thetis | -A Nereid/ Daughter to Nereus
-was destined to bear a child more powerful that Zeus
-Zeus arranged a marriage to Peleus(although her has to 'catch' her)
-Has a Son: Achillies
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| Triton | -Trumpeter of the Sea
-half man/ half fish
-Son to Poseidon and Apmhitrite
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| Scylla | -Female sea-monster
-Human head and torso, serpent tail, and six dog heads
-Multiple versions describing her transformation
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| Charybdis | -Huge whirlpool in the straits of Messina(between Sicily and Italy)
-Female...Scylla lurks
-Sucks in innocent ships as they pass by
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| Athena | -(Minerva)Goddess of War, crafts & arts, wisdom, and weaving *"Virgin Goddess"
-Daughter to Zeus and Metis(Born from Zeus's head)
-Creator of flute
-In Art: Owl, wears head of Medusa, snakes in hand/or at feet, helmet/shield, Nike
-Created olive tree
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| Pallas Athena | -Athena's best friend was Pallas
-Athena accidentally killed her during a mock battle
-In memory Athena took on her name
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| Arachne | -Athena challenged her to weaving contest
-Arachne's weaving offended Athena- Therefore, Athena turned her into the first spider...forever weaving.
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| Marsayas | -Satyr who found Athena's flute
-Challenged Apollo to music contest
-Apollo won and requested that Marsayas be skinned alive
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| Erechthonios/Erechtheus | -Child born from the ground, after Hephaestus ejaculated on Athena
-Athena gave baby to King Cecrops's daughters(wrapped in snakes)
-The daughters jumped to the death- at the sight of the child
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| Nike | - Goddess of Victory
- Winged pixie
-Helper to the Gods(often associated w/ Athena)
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| Artemis | -(Diana) Virgin Goddess of Chasity, the Hunt, childbirth, moon and animals
-Daughter of Zeus & Leto(Apollos-twin sister)
-In art: Always clothed, bows & arrows, crescent moon on head, and with animals
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| Callisto | -A nymph follower of Artemis
-Raped by Zeus and was impregnated
-Hid pregnancy from Artemis
-when Artemis found out she was no longer a virgin- She turned her into a bear
-Had a son: Arcas-also became a bear
(hence the stars Ursa Major & Minor-Great
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| Actaeon | -Avid Hunter who stumbled upon Artemis and ladies bathing in stream
-Artemis peeved; turned him into a stag
-Actaeon's hounds, smelling meat, then tore him apart
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| Niobe | -Queen of Thebes who brags that she is superior to Leto/having 12 children to Leto's 2
-Angered: Artemis kills Niobe's 6 daughters and Apollo kills her 6 sons.
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| Hippolytus | -Obsessed with Artemis
-Shuns ALL women
-Rejects Aphrodite and his stepmother(Phaedra-who commits suicide from shame)
-And is cursed and dies
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| Hecate | -Goddess of the moon, ghosts, witchcraft-all things dark
-carries a torch
-Given by Zeus the gift of having a part of heaven, earth, and the underworld/knows ALL
-usually 3 women:Selene, Hecate, and Artemis
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| Apollo | -God of the reason and intelligence, Sun, Light, Healing&Disease, Prophecy, Arts, and Civilization
-in Art: naked,never bearded, lyar, hair rolled
-Son of Zeus and Leto (sister Artemis-born @ Delos) )
-Associated w/ the 9 muses(supervisor)
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| Daphne | -Apollo's obsession, she rejects him- calls to the river gods for help- and they turn her into a tree. (why Apollo wears a laurel branch in his hair)
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| Asclepius | -Greek God of Medicine
-Son of Apollo and Coronis
- Can hear animals
-Art: Snake-like Staff
-Is killed by Zeus- for bringing back the dead
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| Hygeia | -Asclepius's Daughter
- Minor Goddess of Health and Cleanliness
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| King Midas | -Grows donkey ears/ after disagreeing in music challenge w/ Apollo and Marsyas
-Apollo is sentenced under Midas's supervision(for killing Zeus's cyclops)- And in return Apollo grants Midas a wish- "King of Gold"
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| Hermes | -(Mercury) God of Boundaries, thieves & tricksters, shepherds & cowards, and travelers 'Messenger of the Gods'
-Son of Zeus and Maia
-Stole Apollos cattle/kills Argus
-Child: Hermaphroditus
-winged sandl;es, travelers hat, serpent staff
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| Herm | -Boundary marker associated w/ Hermes
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| Dionysus | -(Bacchus)God of the grape/wine, madness, music, ecstasy
-Son of Zeus and Semele (born from Zeus's leg)
-Associated w/ grapes/vines/leopards, masks
-Married to Ariadne/ Holds a kantharos
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| Maenads | -Followers of Dionysus who hunt and nurse small animals
-Brings Hepthesus back to Mt. olympus
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| Silenus | -Godfather/Tutor/ Mentor to Dionysus
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| Satyrs | -Half Human/Half ass- tails, donkey ears
-Chase Maenads
-Love music
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| Teiresias | -Blind Prophet
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| Demeter | -(Ceres)Goddess of everything that grows and agriculture
- daughter of Cronus and Rhea
-Persephonea is her daughter/kidnapped
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| Triptolemus/Demophoon | - Baby boy whose nurse is Demeter
-Demeter burns baby every night to rid the Mortal
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| Eleusunian Mysteries | -A cult in which one can only be initiated into- a process of becoming dean and then cleansed
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| Baubo | -Makes Demeter 'Laugh' by her perverted acts
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| Thesmophoria | -Ritual for married women
Day 1- throw pigs and penises into fire pit
Day 2- Mock one another
day 3- Retrieve burnt pigs and penises, give to men to fertilize fields
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| Hades | (Pluto) God of the Underworld
-Kidnapps Persephone and marries her
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| Hypnos and Thantos | -Sleep and Death (brothers)
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| Cerberus | -Hellhound'- Guard of the gates
- 3 headed dog
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| The Furies | Punished people who killed their mothers
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| Erinyes/Ker | -Cause of one's death and suffering
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| Charon | -Ferryman of the Dead
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| River Styx | -Passage way to the underworld
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| River Lethe | After River Styx- you reached River Lethe and drank from it to forget your past
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| Elysian Fields | -Where the 'good' go to die
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| Sisyphsus | -outwitted death
-Punishment to roll rock uphill for eternity
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| Tantalus | -Fed the gods his son
-punished by being tantalized for eternity with thirst and hunger
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| Danaids | -50 daughters who killed their husbands
-Punished by having to refill water forever
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