Terminology
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| Anatomy | Study of the form/structure of body parts and of how these parts relate to one another.
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| Physiology | Concerns the functioning of the body's structural machinery, that is, how the parts of the body work and carry out their life-sustaining activities.
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| Movement | self-initiated change in position, motion of internal parts.
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| Responsiveness | ability to sense changes within, or around the organism & react to them (highly developed in nerve/muscle cells).
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| Conductivity | the capacity of living cells & tissues to selectively transmit or propagate a wave of excitation from one point to another within the body (highly developed in nerve/muscle cells).
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| Growth | increase in body size.
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| Reproduction | parents produce offspring/new individuals.
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| Respiration | obtaining oxygen (O2), using it to release energy from food substances & ridding of wastes.
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| Digestion | Chemically changing (breaking down) food substances & ridding of wastes.
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| Absorption | passage of digested products through membranes & into body fluids.
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| Secretion | production & delivery of specialized substances for diverse body functions (digestive juices and hormones).
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| Circulation | movement of substances throughout the body.
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| Assimilation | changing absorbed substances into chemically different substances.
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| Excretion | removal of wastes.
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| Metabolism | all physical & chemical reactions occurring in an organism.
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| Bodily needs: | water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure
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| Homeostasis | tendency of the body to maintain a stable, balanced internal environment. Includes 3 components; receptor, control center, effector.
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| Tissue | a group of cells that work together to carry out certain common functions.
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| Organ | a group of tissues working together to carry out certain common functions.
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| Anatomical position | body is in an erect position with arms at the sides & palms turned forward; reference position that gives meaning to the directional terms used to describe body parts/regions.
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| Bilateral Symmetry | one of the most obvious of the external organizational features in human; right/left sides of body are mirror images and only one place can divide the body into those sides.
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| Ipsilateral | on the same side.
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| Contralateral | on the opposite side.
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