The League of Nations
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| Aims of the League of Nations | Discourage aggression, Improve living and working conditions of people, Encourage cooperation, and Disarmament
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| France | 1919-1945
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| Britain | 1919-1945
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| Italy | 1919-1937
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| Japan | 1919-1933
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| Germany | 1926-1933
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| USSR | 1934-1939
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| Austria | Dec 1920-March 1938
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| Hungary | Sept 1922-April 1939
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| Bulgaria | Dec 1920-1945
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| Turkey | July 1932-1945
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| League of Nations | Geneva(base), USA not in the league, based on a covenant (26 articles to follow through), uphold and enforce the terms of ToV, 42 countries initially joined, by the 1930s, it had 59 members
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| Why didn’t the USA join? | stay out of disputes (appalled by horrors of WW1), racism and prejudice against Europeans (…and thought they’d be under their control), isolationism, believed in freedom and self-independence (opposed to imperialism), and the economic cost
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| Britain’s attitude towards leading the League? | indifferent and uninterested (want to rebuild and look after empire and British trade systems), doubtful (with USA not in the league, there were no resources and influence to allow the League to work efficiently)
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| France’s attitude? | doubtful (USA was not present to provide economical provisions) and sees it as security (strengthened by it and sees it as an effective means of collective security)
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| Strengths of the League | MEMBERSHIP: included a lot of countries (42 initially) and most of the strong ones too, POWERS: 3 powers were available (moral condemnation, economic sanctions, and military force), STRUCTURE: organised group, each had its own job
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| Weaknesses of the League | MEMBERSHIP: no USA, uninterest of its members, different levels of power (others had the VETO), POWERS: powers have no guarantee to work and it can be too harsh, STRUCTURE: met only 5x a year and no way to enforce its rulings
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