Nervous system 1 and 2
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| Functions of the nervous system | Coordinates and controls body activity, detects and processes internal/external info, formulates appropriate responses
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| Major structures of the nervous system | Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sensory organs
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| PNS consists of what | Cranial and spinal nerves
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| Cell body | AKA: Soma.
Maintains life of the neuron
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| Dendrites | Receive impulses and conduct them toward the cell body
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| Axon | Single process. Extends away from the cell body
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| Synaptic terminals | AKA: Terminal end fibers. Leads the impulse away from the axon and toward the synapse
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| Synapse | The junction where neural impulses cause a chemical release, called a neurotransmitter
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| Astrocytes | Attach neurons to their blood supply. Help form the blood-brain barrier, in the CNS
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| Microglia | Phagocytic cells that help fight infection in the CNS
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| Oligodendrocytes | Form the myelin sheath in the CNS
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| Schwann cells | Forms the myelin in the PNS and has phagocytic capabilities
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| White matter | Has nerve fibers that are covered by myelin
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| Gray matter | Does not have myelin covered nerve fibers.
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| Nerve | One or more bundles of impulse carrying fibers located in the PNS
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| Tract | Group of nerve fibers located in the CNS
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| Ganglion | Mass of neuron cell bodies. Outside of the CNS
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| Plexus | Network of intersecting nerves/vessels
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| Innervation | Stimulation of a body part through the action of nerves
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| Nociceptive | Pain receptors
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| Proprioceptive | Perception of movement
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| Meninges | Connective tissue that encase the brain and spinal cord
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| Cerebrospinal fluid | Clear fluid that nourishes, cools and cushions the CNS
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| Cerebrum | Largest part of brain, receives and processes stimuli, stores information
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| Cerebral cortex | Made up of gray matter. responsible for thinking, perceiving, producing and understanding language.
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| Cerebellum | Coordinates muscle activity for smooth muscle movement
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| Brain stem | Connects the cerebral hemispheres with the spinal cord
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| Inter brain | Regulation of thirst and body temperature
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| Mid brain | Responsible for visual and auditory reflexes, posture and muscle control
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| Pons | Bridge at base of the brain which allows nerves to cross over so that one side of the brain controls the opposite side of the body
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| Medulla Oblongata | Controls basic life functions
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| Spinal cord | Pathway for impulses going to and from the brain
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| Peripheral Nervous System | Cranial nerves, autonomic and somatic nervous, somatic spinal nerves and ganglia
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| Brachial plexus | Nerves arise from the brachial plexus, to supply each forelimb
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| Lumbosacral plexus | Nerves arise from the lumbosacral plexus, to supply each hind limb
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| Foramen magnum | Opening that the spinal cord passes through
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| Dorsal root | Carries afferent or sensory impulses from the periphery to the spinal cord
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| Ventral root | Carries efferent or motor impulses from the spinal cord to muscle fibers or glands
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| Autonomic Nervous System | Part of the PNS. Innervates smooth muscle. Consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic
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| Somatic Nervous System | Voluntary
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| CT scan | Computed tomography
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| CAT scan | Computed Axial tomography
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| Obtunded | Depressed
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| Neuroanastomosis | Connecting nerves together
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| Vagus nerve | Controls the heart, lungs, larynx, pharynx, esophagus and cranial portion of the intestinal tract. Damage causes difficulty in swallowing
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| Medical term for swelling | Intumescence
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| Blood brain barrier |
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