semester 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What makes up the lips? | show 🗑
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| show | The red area/transition btwn extern & internal skin of the lips.
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| What is the purpose of the nasolabial sulci? | show 🗑
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| show | To demarcate the lower lip from chin.
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| show | That midline groove going up from upper lip to your nasal septum.
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| show | The lateral angle btwn upper and lower lips. Will usually be at about 1st premolar in neutral.
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| show | Midline folds of mucosa from upper and lower lips to gingiva close to central incisors.
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| Where does blood to the lips come from? | show 🗑
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| Where does lymph from UPPER and LATERAL part of LOWER lip drain into? | show 🗑
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| show | Submental nodes (and some will cross near midline).
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| What is motor innervation to lips? Sensory? | show 🗑
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| show | Buccinator, pterygomandibular raphe, skin, mucous membrane, buccal mucous glands (aka minor salivary glands).
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| Where does blood to the cheeks come from? | show 🗑
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| show | Tributaries of facial & transverse facial veins, and pterygoid plexus.
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| show | Tributaries of similarly named arteries, then into facial veins, and pterygoid plexus. Then ophthalmic veins & emissary veins to cavernous sinus.
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| show | Mostly to submandibular nodes, but also superficial parotid & external jugular (aka superficial cervical) nodes.
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| What is motor innervation to cheeks? Sensory? | show 🗑
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| What do the mylohyoid and geniohyoid form? Where are they located? | show 🗑
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| Where does the mylohyoid attach? | show 🗑
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| show | NOWHERE. IT IS FREE OF ATTACHMENTS. Rather, it forms one of the borders of the gap btwn superior and middle constrictors.
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| Where does the geniohyoid attach? | show 🗑
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| show | Just superior to mylohyoid muscle. On either side of midline.
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| show | Elevates hyoid when swallowing.
If hyoid is fixed, it will depress mandible to open the mouth.
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| show | Also elevates hyoid when swallowing.
As well as depresses mandible to open mouth when hyoid stays fixed.
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| What innervates mylohyoid? | show 🗑
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| What is the path of nerve to mylohyoid? | show 🗑
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| What innervates geniohyoid? | show 🗑
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| What is the path of C1 for geniohyoid? | show 🗑
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| Where is the parotid gland located? Where is its duct going? | show 🗑
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| show | Largest part is superficial & fills up a lot of submandibular triangle. Deep to skin & deep cervical fascia that encloses it. Inferior to mylohyoid & forms submandibular fossa on medial mandible.
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| show | Superior to mylohyoid & lateral to hyoglossus & styloglossus. Pretty small part.
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| show | Comes out deep part of gland & goes anterior on flow of mouth to open on sublingual caruncle next to base of frenulum of tongue.
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| show | The lingual nerve. It will start out lateral to the duct then loops medially as you go anteriorly along the duct.
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| show | ENTIRELY WITHIN oral cavity. Deep to mucosa in floor of mouth. Just superior to mylohyoid line & forms sublingual fossa of mandible. Lateral to hyoglossus posteriorly, while it is the genioglossus anteriorly, with the lingual nerve & ducts in btwn.
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| Where does the sublingual gland's duct go? | show 🗑
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| show | Branches off posterior auricular, superficial temporal (w/the transverse facial branch) & maxillary arteries.
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| show | Branches off facial & lingual arteries.
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| show | Goes to submandibular nodes to (Superior) Deep cervical nodes to the jugulo-omohyoid node (or directly to jugulo-omohyoid). Some from sublingual glands go to submental nodes first though.
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| show | superficial & deep parotid nodes??? to superior deep cervical nodes???
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| What is parasympathetic innervation to the minor salivary glands? | show 🗑
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| show | Lesser petrosal and otic ganglion via auriculotemporal of V3.
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| What is chorda tympani's route to the submandibular and sublingual glands? | show 🗑
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| ...SYNAPSES in submandibular ganglion! > ... | show 🗑
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| What does the sympathetic innervation of the salivary gland do? | show 🗑
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| What is the route of sympathetic innervation of oral salivary glands? | show 🗑
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| What are the functions of the tongue? | show 🗑
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| show | Root attaches to mandible & hyoid. Inferior part attaches to floor of mouth via frenulum.
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| What separates the body of the tongue from the root? | show 🗑
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| What does the terminal sulcus point to? What did that structure used to be? | show 🗑
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| show | lingual papillae and some contain taste buds. taste butds are on fungiform, vallate & foliate papillae, but NOT filiform.
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| What are the most numerous papillae? Which ones have the moat and form in a V just anterior to terminal sulcus? Which ones are larger and more sparse and scattered? | show 🗑
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| show | No. The posterior 1/3 does not have any.
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| What *does* the dorsal mucosa of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue contain? | show 🗑
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| What is the difference btwn extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue? | show 🗑
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| What are all the extrinsic muscles of the tongue? | show 🗑
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| Where does the genioglossus attach? | show 🗑
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| show | Comes out inferior to tongue, on both sides of the median lingual septum along the entire length of tongue. Will be just superior to geniohyoid.
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| show | tongue protrusion via superior and anterior fibers. tongue depression in the center via middle fibers.
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| show | Anterior and distal end of styloid process to lateral edge of tongue to tip and main mass of tongue.
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| show | elevates & retracts tongue
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| show | Greater cornu & body of hyoid to subtrance of tongue.
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| Where is the hyoglossus? | show 🗑
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| What nerves and vessels run alongside the hyoglossus? | show 🗑
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| What does the hyoglossus do? | show 🗑
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| show | Palatine aponeurosis above and down to intermingle w/intrinsic tongue muscles in posterolateral aspect of tongue.
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| show | Elevates the posterior tongue. Depresses palate. Moves palatoglossal arches inward to close off oropharyngeal isthmus.
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| What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue? | show 🗑
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| Where is the superior longitudinal muscle? What does it do? | show 🗑
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| show | Runs on inferior surface of tongue longitudinally btwn genioglossus & hyoglossus. Goes from base to apex. Will curl tongue down and longitudinally. Also shortens tongue tho.
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| show | In plane btwn superior and inferior longitudinal muscles. Attaches to median fibrous septum and laterally to submucosa on sides of tongue. Narrow & elongates tongue.
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| show | The palatoglossus fibers.
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| show | Mainly anterior pt of tongue. Goes vertically btwn superior and inferior longitudinal muscle. Flattens & broadens the tongue.
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| show | Hypoglossal (CN12) except palatoglossus.
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| show | Vagus...like w/most of the other palate muscles.
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| show | Comes out hypoglossus canal medial & posterior to carotid sheath contents > sweeps around laterally to all that > loops around occipital artery near angle of mandible > passes deep to posterior digastric > runs lateral to hyoglossus & deep to mylohyoid
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| show | Btwn mylohyoid and genioglossus muscles.
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| What supplies sensory innervation to tongue? | show 🗑
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| Where does the lingual nerve arise? How does it travel? | show 🗑
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| show | It goes down into pharynx by accompanying stylopharyngeus btwn superior & middle constrictor. Will enter pharyngeal pt of tongue by passing deep to styloglossus & hyoglossus.
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| What tonsil is the glossopharyngeal associated with? | show 🗑
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| Where does taste information from taste buds anterior to the vallate papillae go? | show 🗑
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| show | If from taste buds on vallate papillae and post tongue, they go with CN9 to inferior ganglion of CN9.
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| Where does taste from a small area of posterior tongue AND epiglottis go? | show 🗑
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| show | Lingual artery that comes off near greater cornu of hyoid.
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| show | The hypoglossal nerve, posterior digastric & sylohyoid muscle all cross it laterally.
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| show | It passes in btwn middle pharyngeal constrictor and hyoglossus.
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| Where does the lingual artery branch? What does it branch into? | show 🗑
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| Where does the deep lingual artery go? | show 🗑
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| Where does the sublingual artery run? | show 🗑
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| show | Dorsal lingual artery off lingual artery.
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| How does blood drain from the tongue? | show 🗑
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| show | It depends on where you are coming from on the tongue...So...
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| Where does lymph drain from root of the tongue? | show 🗑
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| show | Drains bilaterally to deep cervical lymph nodes.
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| show | First goes to submandibular nodes.
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| Where does lymph from the tongue apex drain into? | show 🗑
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| show | Dense fibrous CT covered with mucous membrane attached to alveolar processes of maxillae & mandible.
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| What is the function of teeth? | show 🗑
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| How many sets of teeth do you get in your life time? What are they called? | show 🗑
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| show | In babies & young children (6 mo to 24 mo)
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| show | Youth & adolescence (6-12 yo; except wisdom teeth), b/c that's when your facial skeleton starts to enlarge.
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| show | Crown, root, neck, cusp.
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| show | The part that sticks out ABOVE gingiva. Enamel caps it.
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| show | The part that is embedded IN the alveolus. Cementum is external to the root.
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| What is the neck of the tooth? | show 🗑
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| To what is the root of the tooth attached, and how does it stay put? | show 🗑
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| show | Dentine
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| show | CT, nerves & blood vessels. It is in the center of the tooth.
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| How do the blood vessels & nerves get into the tooth? | show 🗑
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| show | Vestibular, lingual, mesial, distal & occlusal.
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| What is the vestibular surface of the tooth? | show 🗑
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| What is the lingual surface of the tooth? | show 🗑
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| show | The part of the tooth that contacts the other tooth medially.
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| What is the distal surface of the tooth? | show 🗑
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| show | The surface that touches the opposite tooth in the opposite jaw.
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| show | incisors, canines, premolars & molars
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| What shape are the crowns on incisors? What are they spcially used for? What do the roots look like? | show 🗑
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| show | Big, conical, & blunt cusp. Roots are long, large & singular. Grasping & tearing food.
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| show | Two cusps (a labial & lingual) on crowns separated by groove. Single root & the end/apex might be bifid. Helps in chewing.
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| What do the molar crowns look like? What are they used for? | show 🗑
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| show | Maxillary ones have 3 roots. Mandibular have 2 roots.
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| What are wisdom teeth & what do their roots usually look like? | show 🗑
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| What is the difference btwn deciduous and permanent teeth? | show 🗑
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| show | 13-25 yo
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| What supplies mandibular teeth with blood? | show 🗑
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| show | Posterior alveolar artery, or a direct branch off maxillary, or middle & anterior superior alveolar artieres off infraorbital artery.
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| show | It depends on where you are....
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| So what is the blood supply to the gingivae that face the oral vestibule? | show 🗑
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| show | Supplied by lingual artery
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| What is the blood supply to the superior lingual gingiva? | show 🗑
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| show | The pterygoid plexus as well as some tributaries to facial vein.
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| Where does lymph from the teeth & gingivae drain? | show 🗑
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| What innervates all teeth? | show 🗑
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| What innervates the teeth in the upper jaw specifically? | show 🗑
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| What innervates the teeth in the lower jaw specifically? | show 🗑
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| show | V2
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| What innervate the gingivae associated with lower teeth? | show 🗑
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| show | Posterior, middle & anterior superior alveolar nerve.
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| show | The nasoplatine & greater palatine nerves from V2
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| show | Mental nerve branch of inferior alveolar.
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| show | Buccal branch of V3
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| show | Lingual nerve off V3
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