semester 2
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on it to display the answer.
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show | Muscles of facial expression esp. orbicularis oris, but also buccinator, levator anguli & labii superioris, depressor anguli & labii inferioris, mentalis, risorius, platysma, zygomaticus major & minor. Haired skin. Mucous membrane w/labial salivary gland.
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show | The red area/transition btwn extern & internal skin of the lips.
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show | To separate the upper lip from the cheeks.
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What is the purpose of the mentolabial sulcus? | show 🗑
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What is the philtrum? | show 🗑
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show | The lateral angle btwn upper and lower lips. Will usually be at about 1st premolar in neutral.
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What is the labial frenula? | show 🗑
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Where does blood to the lips come from? | show 🗑
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show | Submandibular lymph nodes.
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show | Submental nodes (and some will cross near midline).
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What is motor innervation to lips? Sensory? | show 🗑
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What makes up the cheeks? | show 🗑
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Where does blood to the cheeks come from? | show 🗑
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show | Tributaries of facial & transverse facial veins, and pterygoid plexus.
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show | Tributaries of similarly named arteries, then into facial veins, and pterygoid plexus. Then ophthalmic veins & emissary veins to cavernous sinus.
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Where does lymph drain into from the cheeks? | show 🗑
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show | Motor is buccal branches of CN7. Sensory is buccal branch of mandibular (V3) & zygomatical facial and infraorbital branches of maxillary (V2).
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What do the mylohyoid and geniohyoid form? Where are they located? | show 🗑
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Where does the mylohyoid attach? | show 🗑
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show | NOWHERE. IT IS FREE OF ATTACHMENTS. Rather, it forms one of the borders of the gap btwn superior and middle constrictors.
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Where does the geniohyoid attach? | show 🗑
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show | Just superior to mylohyoid muscle. On either side of midline.
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What does the mylohyoid do? | show 🗑
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What does the geniohyoid do? | show 🗑
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What innervates mylohyoid? | show 🗑
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What is the path of nerve to mylohyoid? | show 🗑
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What innervates geniohyoid? | show 🗑
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What is the path of C1 for geniohyoid? | show 🗑
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show | COMPLETELY OUTSIDE the oral cavity.
Partoid duct goes anterior and superficial to masseter, and then pierces buccinators & enters oral cavity on cheek, opposite to 2nd molar.
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Where is the superficial part of submandibular gland located? | show 🗑
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Where is the deep part of submandibular gland located? | show 🗑
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show | Comes out deep part of gland & goes anterior on flow of mouth to open on sublingual caruncle next to base of frenulum of tongue.
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What nerve loops around the submandibular duct? | show 🗑
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show | ENTIRELY WITHIN oral cavity. Deep to mucosa in floor of mouth. Just superior to mylohyoid line & forms sublingual fossa of mandible. Lateral to hyoglossus posteriorly, while it is the genioglossus anteriorly, with the lingual nerve & ducts in btwn.
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Where does the sublingual gland's duct go? | show 🗑
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What is the blood supply for the parotid gland? | show 🗑
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show | Branches off facial & lingual arteries.
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Where does lymph drain for submandibular and sublingual glands? | show 🗑
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Where does lymph drain for parotid gland? | show 🗑
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show | If superior to oral fissure, it will be via greater petrosal and pterygopalatine ganglion via branches of maxillary.
If below oral fissure, it is through chorda tympani to submandibular ganglion and then via lingual (v3)
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show | Lesser petrosal and otic ganglion via auriculotemporal of V3.
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show | superior salivatory nucleus > nervous intermedius (small CN7 root)> thru internal acoustic meatus w/rest of CN7 > splits off before rest of CN7 exits thru stylomastoid foramen in temporal bone > leaves petrotympanic fissure > joins lingual nerve >...
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...SYNAPSES in submandibular ganglion! > ... | show 🗑
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show | Mostly vasomotor stuff, but will also adjust what gets secreted.
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show | Pregang cell body in lateral horn > ventral root > white rami > up sympathetic trunk > synapse on postgang neuron in superior cervical ganglion > follows blood vessels OR deep petrosal & then off from pterygopalatine ganglion to salivary gland.
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show | speech, mastication, taste & swallowing
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Where does the root of the tongue attach to? What does the inferior surface of the tongue attach to? | show 🗑
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What separates the body of the tongue from the root? | show 🗑
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What does the terminal sulcus point to? What did that structure used to be? | show 🗑
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show | lingual papillae and some contain taste buds. taste butds are on fungiform, vallate & foliate papillae, but NOT filiform.
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show | Most numerous are filiform. Vallate papillae have moats, and we usually only have like 8-12. Fungiform are large, sparse, and scattered.
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show | No. The posterior 1/3 does not have any.
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What *does* the dorsal mucosa of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue contain? | show 🗑
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What is the difference btwn extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue? | show 🗑
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What are all the extrinsic muscles of the tongue? | show 🗑
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show | Superior mental spines anteriorly, superior anterior pt of hyoid body. Rest of it attaches to whole length of tongue.
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Where is the genioglossus? | show 🗑
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show | tongue protrusion via superior and anterior fibers. tongue depression in the center via middle fibers.
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Where does the styloglossus attach? | show 🗑
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What does the styloglossus do? | show 🗑
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Where does the hyoglossus attach? | show 🗑
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show | Inferior part goes between styloglossus laterally & genioglossus w/inferior longitud. muscle of tongue medially. Passes btwn middle & superior constrictor & mylohyoid to reach tongue.
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What nerves and vessels run alongside the hyoglossus? | show 🗑
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What does the hyoglossus do? | show 🗑
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show | Palatine aponeurosis above and down to intermingle w/intrinsic tongue muscles in posterolateral aspect of tongue.
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What does the palatoglossus do? | show 🗑
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show | superior longitudinal muscle, inferior longitudinal muscle, transverse muscle & verticle muscle
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show | Just deep to mucous membrane on dorsum of tongue from apex to base along margins. Curls tongue up (like rolling your tongue) & shortens it.
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show | Runs on inferior surface of tongue longitudinally btwn genioglossus & hyoglossus. Goes from base to apex. Will curl tongue down and longitudinally. Also shortens tongue tho.
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Where is the transverse muscle? What does it do? | show 🗑
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What does the transverse muscle fibers blend with? | show 🗑
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show | Mainly anterior pt of tongue. Goes vertically btwn superior and inferior longitudinal muscle. Flattens & broadens the tongue.
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What supplies motor innervation to the tongue? | show 🗑
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show | Vagus...like w/most of the other palate muscles.
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show | Comes out hypoglossus canal medial & posterior to carotid sheath contents > sweeps around laterally to all that > loops around occipital artery near angle of mandible > passes deep to posterior digastric > runs lateral to hyoglossus & deep to mylohyoid
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Where do the terminal branches of the hypoglossal nerve go? | show 🗑
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What supplies sensory innervation to tongue? | show 🗑
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Where does the lingual nerve arise? How does it travel? | show 🗑
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show | It goes down into pharynx by accompanying stylopharyngeus btwn superior & middle constrictor. Will enter pharyngeal pt of tongue by passing deep to styloglossus & hyoglossus.
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show | Palatine tonsil
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show | Thru lingual nerve then thru chordate tympani to neuron cell bodies in geniculate ganglion for CN7.
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Where does taste info from taste buds on the vallate papillae and posterior tongue go? | show 🗑
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Where does taste from a small area of posterior tongue AND epiglottis go? | show 🗑
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What is the main arterial supply to the tongue? | show 🗑
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show | The hypoglossal nerve, posterior digastric & sylohyoid muscle all cross it laterally.
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How does the lingual artery get to the oral cavity? | show 🗑
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Where does the lingual artery branch? What does it branch into? | show 🗑
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show | It is near the inferior surface of the tongue by the frenulum & sublinqual artery.
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Where does the sublingual artery run? | show 🗑
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What supplies blood to root of tongue? | show 🗑
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show | Via veins that accompany dorsal lingual artery, deep lingual artery & sublinqual artery. Those drain into lingual vein OR vena comitans of hypoglossal nerve.
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show | It depends on where you are coming from on the tongue...So...
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Where does lymph drain from root of the tongue? | show 🗑
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Where does lymph drain from central part of the tongue (body of tongue)? | show 🗑
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show | First goes to submandibular nodes.
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Where does lymph from the tongue apex drain into? | show 🗑
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show | Dense fibrous CT covered with mucous membrane attached to alveolar processes of maxillae & mandible.
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What is the function of teeth? | show 🗑
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show | 2 sets. 1st set is deciduous teeth. 2nd set are permanent teeth.
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When do you see deciduous teeth? | show 🗑
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When do you first see permanent teeth? | show 🗑
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show | Crown, root, neck, cusp.
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What is the crown of the tooth? What covers it? | show 🗑
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What is the root of the tooth? What is external to this? | show 🗑
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What is the neck of the tooth? | show 🗑
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To what is the root of the tooth attached, and how does it stay put? | show 🗑
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show | Dentine
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show | CT, nerves & blood vessels. It is in the center of the tooth.
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How do the blood vessels & nerves get into the tooth? | show 🗑
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show | Vestibular, lingual, mesial, distal & occlusal.
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show | The part of the tooth that face the cheek/lip.
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show | The part of the tooth that faces IN toward the tongue & palate
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show | The part of the tooth that contacts the other tooth medially.
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What is the distal surface of the tooth? | show 🗑
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show | The surface that touches the opposite tooth in the opposite jaw.
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What are the different types of teeth? | show 🗑
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show | chisel shaped crown. will cut stuff. roots are single & conical.
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What do the crowns look like for canines? What do the roots look like? What are the used for? | show 🗑
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show | Two cusps (a labial & lingual) on crowns separated by groove. Single root & the end/apex might be bifid. Helps in chewing.
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show | Crowns will have 3-5 cusps. Grinding.
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What is the difference between maxillary and mandibular molars? | show 🗑
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show | These are the last molars of each jaw & will usually have fused roots.
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show | 12 extra teeth. There are 20 deciduous teeth (4 incisors, 2 canine, 4 molars, all x2) & 32 permanent teeth (4 incisors, 2 canines, 4 premolars & 6 molars, all X2).
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show | 13-25 yo
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What supplies mandibular teeth with blood? | show 🗑
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show | Posterior alveolar artery, or a direct branch off maxillary, or middle & anterior superior alveolar artieres off infraorbital artery.
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show | It depends on where you are....
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show | Inferior alveolar or superior alveolar arteries.
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show | Supplied by lingual artery
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show | Supplied ANTERIORLY by sphenopalatine artery. Supplied POSTERIORLY by greater palatine artery.
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show | The pterygoid plexus as well as some tributaries to facial vein.
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show | To the submental, submandibular & deep cervical lymph nodes.
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What innervates all teeth? | show 🗑
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show | Branches off maxillary, including posterior superior alveolar nerve & middle & anterior alveolar nerves off infraorbital nerve.
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show | The inferior alveolar nerves off V3 running thru mandibular canal, and once it goes past mental foramen, it becomes incisive nerve.
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show | V2
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show | V3
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show | Posterior, middle & anterior superior alveolar nerve.
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What innervates the superior lingual gingiva? | show 🗑
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show | Mental nerve branch of inferior alveolar.
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What innervates buccal mandibular gingiva? | show 🗑
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show | Lingual nerve off V3
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