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U9P1 Euro

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Term
Definition
Yalta Conference   USA, GB, USSR agree eastern Europe will have free elections and Poland is shifted westward  
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Potsdam Conference   President Truman demands immediate, free elections in eastern Europe  
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containment   postwar US foreign policy that sought to limit the spread of communism  
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Marshall Plan   program for Europe that included $13 billion in direct monetary aid  
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Berlin   city that was blockaded by the Soviets in 1948; Truman responded with an airlift  
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NATO   western military alliance in Cold War  
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Warsaw Pact   eastern (communist) military alliance in Cold War  
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European Coal and Steel Community (1952)   first example of economic union in Europe  
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European Economic Community (Common Market/1957)   reduced European tariffs on all goods in member states and allowed for freer movement of labor  
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Josip Broz (Tito)   communist leader of Yugoslavia who maintained independence from the Soviet Union  
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Hungary   rebelled against Soviet rule in 1956  
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Prague Spring   rebellion against Soviet rule in Czechoslovakia in 1968  
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Alexander Dubcek   Czech leader of Prague Spring  
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Brezhnev Doctrine   Soviet policy during re-Stalinization (after 1968) that vowed to crush any rebellions against communist rule in eastern Europe  
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International Monetary Fund   countries contribute; other countries can borrow from it in emergencies  
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economic miracle   term for western Europe's recovery after World War II  
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de-Stalinization   period of liberal reforms in the Soviet Union from 1956-1963 under Khrushchev  
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perestroika   re-structuring of the Soviet economy under Gorbachev  
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glasnost   openess, or freedom of speech, under Gorbachev  
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John Paul II   Polish pope who supported Solidarity and opposed communism  
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Solidarity   Polish labor union of dock workers; provided leadership to post-communism Poland  
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Treaty of Maastricht   created European citizenship and started process of European monetary union  
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Brexit   nationalist reaction to European Union in Great Britain; resulted in Great Britain leaving the EU  
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