WVSOM: Muscle TIssue
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| 3 connective tissue sheaths associated with muscle (from out to in) | Epimysium, parimysium, endomysium
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| Dark bands are made up of? | Thick fliaments, A-band, myosin filaments
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| Light bands are made up of? | Thin filament, I-bands, F-actin chains
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| How fibers move during contraction | Sliding motion over one another
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| Composition of M-line | binding protiens, creatine kinase and myomesin
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| Which bands reduce in contraction | H-bands and I-bands
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| What are the two types of muscle fibers | Type I (Red) and Type II (white)
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| Characterisitcs of type I (red) muscle | high myoglobin, highly vascular, lots of mitochondria, slow endurance, resistant to fatigue
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| Location of Type I muscle | postural muscles of cervical and lumbar regions and higher levels of upper and lower limbs
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| Characteristics of Type II (white) muscle | Low myoglobin, few mitochondria, low vascularity, easyily fatigued, fast movement, precise actions
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| Location of type II | eye muscles, but mixes with type I
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| 3 components of a motor unit | motor nueron, muscle fibers innervated by a single motor nueron and nueromuscluar junctions
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| What is a muscle spindle | a sensory receptor
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| what does a muscle spindle sense/detect | muscle tension and stretch
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| what are muscle spindles composed of | intrafusal fibers
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| what type of tissue surround muslce spindles | dense irregular
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| 3 types of muscle | cardiac, skeletal, and smooth
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| Describe Cardiac muscle | striated, single nucleus in the center of the cell, and branched. Involuntary and have intercalated disks
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| Describe skeletal muscle | striated, longer than caridac, multiple nuclei on edge of cell
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| Describe Smooth muscle | not striated, cigar shaped nuclei, single central nucleus
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| What is an intercalated disk | found in cardiac cells, bind cells together so that they work as a unit
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| what tyoe of cell adhesions are found in an intercalated disk | zonula adherens and desmosomes link the cell together, while gap junctions exist on lateral aspects
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| What are purkinge fibers | cells that are 4-5 times the size of a normal cell, found in the interventricula space, and relay information very fast
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| What are Nodal fibers | found in SA and AV nodes, set basic rhythum for the heart, smaller than normal cells
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| What are dense bodies | found in smooth muscle, serve much like Z-disks to help anchor filaments using a-actinin
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| Which muscle tissue is mitotically active? Give an example | smooth, menstral cycle
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| Can the regeneration of smooth muscle become pathological | YES
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| what cells are important for the formation of skeletal muscle | satellite cells
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| What is Rhabdomyoma | benign tumor of skeletal muscle
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| What is Leiomyosarcoma | malignant tumor of smooth muscle
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